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European agriculture is on the brink of a financial and ecological
crisis. The European Community, individual governments, and the
industry itself have precipitated this crisis. Controversy follows
controversy -- in the areas of pollution, use of chemicals, land
degradation, and overproduction. "The Diversion of Land" assesses
the conservation challenge at the end of a long period of
agricultural expansion. The book draws on the experience of
continental Europe and North America to contextualize a case study
analysis of the U.K. Incorporating new research and a new
methodology for the targeting of land diversion, the emphasis
throughout is on the agricultural adjustment process. This process,
the authors argue, must be informed not only by an ecological
awareness, but also by the anticipation of economic and social
change.
Few, if any, environments are free of human intervention. Often this generates ecosystems which are rich in biodiversity, historical interest, recreational opportunity and scenic beauty just as worthy of conservation as the more natural ecosystems on which protection programmes have been almost exclusively focussed. These 'cultural landscapes', ranging from the farm and forest lands of Europe and Eastern North America, through to the pasture lands and savannas of the Middle East and Africa to the paddylands of the Pacific Rim, are usually the product of relatively low-level, sustainable exploitation of the environment over long periods of time. Many have survived for centuries, if not millennia, but now urban expansion, depopulation of rural areas and, most damagingly, the intensification of agricultural and sylvicultural practices, are everywhere leading to a loss of their cherished biodiversity and amenity. Whilst past changes have mostly added to the valued characteristics of these landscapes, modern farming and forestry are creating sterile monocultures on the better land whilst marginal lands are being abandoned. This book documents these changes, illustrates them through detailed case studies of a representative selection of threatened landscapes, analyses their underlying causes and explores ways by which they can continue to be maintained, or new landscapes created which maintain their desired characteristics. eBook available with sample pages: 0203220897
The countryside and it's amenities of wildlife, landscape beauty
and recreational opportunity was created by traditional
agricultural practices. Modern farming techniques no longer supply
these amenities as an automatic, incedental by-product of food
production. If they are to continue to be enjoyed, then specific
provision must be made for them. Agricultural policy in Europe is
now beginning to do this by redirecting substantial agricultural
support to the promotion of enviromentally-friendly farming
practices. A wide variety of initiatives in forestry, conservation,
hydrology and other sectors are also developing to promote the
growing discipline of Countryside management to implement
coservation objectives in the countryside. These objectives are
themselves now being reassessed as principles from the new
discipline of landscape ecology are incorporated into landscape
planning and management, and the opportunities for redesigning the
countryside offered by overcapacity in agriculture are beginning to
be recognised and exploited.; A significant shift is taking place
fron the implementation of conservation objectives through planning
mechanisms focuses largely on designated protecte
Few, if any, environments are free of human intervention. Often
this generates ecosystems which are rich in biodiversity,
historical interest, recreational opportunity and scenic beauty
just as worthy of conservation as the more natural ecosystems on
which protection programmes have been almost exclusively
focussed.These 'cultural landscapes', ranging from the farm and
forest lands of Europe and Eastern North America, through to the
pasture lands and savannas of the Middle East and Africa to the
paddylands of the Pacific Rim, are usually the product of
relatively low-level, sustainable exploitation of the environment
over long periods of time. Many have survived for centuries, if not
millennia, but now urban expansion, depopulation of rural areas
and, most damagingly, the intensification of agricultural and
sylvicultural practices, are everywhere leading to a loss of their
cherished biodiversity and amenity. Whilst past changes have mostly
added to the valued characteristics of these landscapes, modern
farming and forestry are creating sterile monocultures on the
better land whilst marginal lands are being abandoned.This book
documents these changes, illustrates them through detailed case
studies of a representative selection of threatened landscapes,
analyses their underlying causes and explores ways by which they
can continue to be maintained, or new landscapes created which
maintain their desired characteristics.
This third edition of the standard text Countryside Conservation
charts and evaluates those changes which represent a fundamental
revolution in the ways in which the countryside is planned and
managed. It sets out the principles, policies and practice which
underlie the ecology, planning and management of the new
countryside, discussing ways in which countryside conservation
objectives are evolving and how they can best be achieved.
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