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This study reviews the many different bases for wanting to preserve
the environment. By seeing how protagonists approach the same
situation from different assumptions, some of the origins of
environmental conflict may be established, and ways of resolving
conflict can be identified. There are two major issues in
environmental ethics: The first asks whether the problems can be
solved within current approaches, or require instead lifestyle
changes for the whole of western civilization. The second issue
concerns why the environment should be valued. This review
identifies a series in increasingly stronger valuations that can be
identified as: Hedonistic - we protect the environment because we
like it; Utilitarian - the environment is valuable to us;
Consequentialist - we want to preserve things for other people -
now or future; Intrinsic - The environment has virtue in its own
right; and, Extrinsic - we value the environment because it is of
consequence to some thing else - theistic (a God). Thirdly, these
insights are used to explore potential ways of resolving
environmental conflicts, notably by the recovery of democratic
decision making at the right scale: local, national or even global.
In the global knowledge economy, intellectual property rights - and
the innovations they are meant to spur - are important determinants
of progress. But what does this mean for the nations of Africa? One
view is that strong IP protection can facilitate innovation in
African settings. Others say that existing IP systems are simply
not suited to the realities of Africa. This book, based on case
studies and evidence collected across nine countries in Africa
sheds new light on the complex relationships between innovation and
intellectual property. It covers findings across many sites of
innovation and creativity, including music, leather goods,
textiles, cocoal, coffee, auto parts, traditional medicine, book
publishing, biofuels and university research, and presents a
picture in which innovators share a common appreciation for
collaboration and openness.
It is becoming increasingly obvious that the United States needs
reliable and inexpensive energy to propel our economy and protect
our national security interests. "Game Changers" presents five
research and development efforts from American universities that
offer a cheaper, cleaner, and more secure national energy system.
Drawing from the efforts of the MIT Energy Initiative (MITEI) and
other leading university research centers, the book describes some
of the energy innovations that will transform our future: natural
gas from shales, solar photovoltaics, grid-scale electricity
storage, electric cars, and LED lighting. For each of these
innovations, the authors detail what is available today, what is
near at hand, and what is on the horizon. In addition, they show
how extreme energy reliability and performance demands put the
United States military at the leading edge of driving energy
innovations, and survey potentially game-changing energy
technologies currently being put into use by the U.S. Army, Navy,
Marine Corps, and Air Force, on base and in forward deployment. The
more choices our laboratories put on the table, the less
constrained we are in using them to reach the things we really care
about--health, family, business, culture, faith, and delight. This
is what game changers are ultimately about.
While many are born into prosperity, hundreds of millions of people
lead lives of almost unimaginable poverty. Our world remains hugely
unequal, with our place of birth continuing to exert a major
influence on our opportunities. In this accessible book, leading
political theorist Chris Armstrong engagingly examines the key
moral and political questions raised by this stark global divide.
Why, as a citizen of a relatively wealthy country, should you care
if others have to make do with less? Do we have a moral duty to try
to rectify this state of affairs? What does 'global justice' mean
anyway - and why does it matter? Could we make our world a more
just one even if we tried? Can you as an individual make a
difference? This book powerfully demonstrates that global justice
is something we should all be concerned about, and sketches a
series of reforms that would make our divided world a fairer one.
It will be essential introductory reading for students of global
justice, activists and concerned citizens.
This collection of essays addresses poetic and critical responses
to the various crises encountered by contemporary writers and our
society. The essays included discuss a range of issues from the
holocaust, the Troubles in Northern Ireland and their aftermath and
the war on terror to the ecological crisis, poetry's relationship
to place and questions of cultural and national identity. What are
the means available to poetry to address the various crises it
faces, and how can both poets and critics meet the challenges posed
by society and the literary community? How can poetry justify its
own role as a meaningful form of cultural and artistic practice?
The volume focuses on poetry from Britain, Ireland and the US, and
many of the poets discussed in this volume are among the most
acclaimed contemporary writers, including for example Seamus
Heaney, Paul Muldoon, Louise Gluck and Alice Oswald.
Through incisive readings of ten poets from William Wordsworth to
Alice Oswald, this book shows how poets have engaged with the
possibilities and pitfalls of memory. Linking poets' uses of
personal, aesthetic, and collective memory, as well as history, the
book provides a new critical template for understanding how
literature engages with the past.
Romantic Organicism attempts to reassess the much maligned and misunderstood notion of organic unity. Following organicism from its crucial radicalization in German Idealism, it shows how both Coleridge and Wordsworth developed some of their most profound ideas and poetry on its basis. Armstrong shows how the tenets and ideals of organicism--despite much criticism--remain an insistent, if ambivalent, backdrop for much of our current thought, including the work of Derrida amongst others.
While many are born into prosperity, hundreds of millions of people
lead lives of almost unimaginable poverty. Our world remains hugely
unequal, with our place of birth continuing to exert a major
influence on our opportunities. In this accessible book, leading
political theorist Chris Armstrong engagingly examines the key
moral and political questions raised by this stark global divide.
Why, as a citizen of a relatively wealthy country, should you care
if others have to make do with less? Do we have a moral duty to try
to rectify this state of affairs? What does 'global justice' mean
anyway - and why does it matter? Could we make our world a more
just one even if we tried? Can you as an individual make a
difference? This book powerfully demonstrates that global justice
is something we should all be concerned about, and sketches a
series of reforms that would make our divided world a fairer one.
It will be essential introductory reading for students of global
justice, activists and concerned citizens.
A history of the role played by the Franciscans during the
contentious Wars of Religion (1562-1594). In this paperback reissue
of The Politics of Piety, author Megan Armstrong situates the
Franciscan order at the heart of the religious and political
conflicts of the late sixteenth century to show how a medieval
charismatic religious tradition became an engine of political
change. The friars used their redoubtable skills as preachers,
intellectual training at the University of Paris, and personal and
professional connections with other Catholic reformers and patrons
to successfully galvanize popular opposition to the spread of
Protestantism throughout the sixteenth century. By 1589, the friars
used these same strategies on behalf of the Catholic League to try
to prevent thesuccession of the Protestant heir presumptive, Henry
of Navarre, to the French throne. This book contributes to our
understanding of religion as a formative political impulse
throughout the sixteenth century by linking the long-term political
activism of the friars to the emergence of the French monarchy of
the seventeenth century. Megan C. Armstrong is Associate Professor
of History at McMaster University.
Many Christians today tend to view the story of medieval faith as a
cautionary tale. Too often, they dismiss the Middle Ages as a
period of corruption and decay in the church. They seem to assume
that the church apostatized from true Christianity after it gained
cultural influence in the time of Constantine, and the faith was
only later recovered by the sixteenth-century Reformers or even the
eighteenth-century revivalists. As a result, the riches and wisdom
of the medieval period have remained largely inaccessible to modern
Protestants. Church historian Chris Armstrong helps readers see
beyond modern caricatures of the medieval church to the animating
Christian spirit of that age. He believes today's church could
learn a number of lessons from medieval faith, such as how the
gospel speaks to ordinary, embodied human life in this world.
Medieval Wisdom for Modern Christians explores key ideas, figures,
and movements from the Middle Ages in conversation with C. S. Lewis
and other thinkers, helping contemporary Christians discover
authentic faith and renewal in a forgotten age.
What are the means available to poetry to address crisis and how
can both poets and critics meet the conflicts and challenges they
face? This collection of essays addresses poetic and critical
responses to the various crises encountered by contemporary writers
and our society, from the Holocaust to the ecological crisis.
Romantic Organicism attempts to reassess the much maligned and
misunderstood notion of organic unity. Following organicism from
its crucial radicalisation in German Idealism, it shows how both
Coleridge and Wordsworth developed some of their most profound
ideas and poetry on its basis. Armstrong shows how the tenets and
ideals of organicism - despite much criticism - remain an
insistent, if ambivalent, backdrop for much of our current thought,
including the work of Derrida amongst others.
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