Mathematical ecology is the application of mathematics to describe and understand ecosystems. There are two main approaches. One is to describe natural communities and induce statistical patterns or relationships which should generally occur. However, this book is devoted entirely to introducing the student to the second approach: to study deterministic mathematical models and, on the basis of mathematical results on the models, to look for the same patterns or relationships in nature. This book is a compromise between three competing desiderata. It seeks to: maximize the generality of the models; constrain the models to "behave" realistically, that is, to exhibit stability and other features; and minimize the difficulty of presentations of the models. The ultimate goal of the book is to introduce the reader to the general mathematical tools used in building realistic ecosystem models. Just such a model is presented in Chapter Nine. The book should also serve as a stepping-stone both to advanced mathematical works like Stability of Biological Communities by Yu. M. Svirezhev and D. O. Logofet (Mir, Moscow, 1983) and to advanced modeling texts like Freshwater Ecosystems by M. Straskraba and A. H. Gnauch (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1985).

Justice Lewis F. Powell, Jr. is an absorbing and readable biography of one of the most important Supreme Court Justices since World War II.

Justice Lewis F. Powell, Jr. is an absorbing and readable biography of one of the most important Supreme Court Justices since World War II.

This casebook provides the most complete treatment available of constitutional tort actions under 42 U.S.C. 1983 and Bivens. The elaborate and increasingly controversial doctrines of official immunity are examined in detail, as is the possibility of direct governmental liability under Monell v. Dept. of Social Services. The Fifth Edition also provides complete coverage of the Civil Rights Attorney's Fees Award Act and its implications for constitutional tort litigation. The book also explores the relation of 1983 to the Eleventh Amendment, to the potential overlap with federal habeas corpus, to the application of doctrines of preclusion, and to conflicts between state and federal law. It also provides an introduction to other Reconstruction Civil Rights Acts ( 1981, 1982, and 1985), to modern statutes such as Title VII and Title IX (which add sex discrimination to previously prohibited grounds of discrimination), and to structural reform litigation in schools and prisons.

This supplement brings the principal text current with recent developments in the law.

The unexplained murder of a fusion scientist in Grenoble, France and the abduction of a beautiful colleague in Montreux, Switzerland, propel West Point graduate, Colonel Christian Madison, into action against an international cabal of terrorists who seek to steal cyber and plasma technology from the US government and fusion technology from ITER in southern France. As Iran and Russia are on the verge of precipitating World War III, Madison, and a band of patriots known only as Concord, must confront a group of left-leaning socialists who have recently been elected to power in Washington, DC, who are ignoring the terrorist threat, disrupting the free market system, and undermining the principles of the US Constitution.

"The meddling black American is dead," Al-Hassad whispered to his associate, breaking the mood. "Money has been sent to his bank account to raise suspicions, and any ties to you have been eradicated. Our supplies are enroute and will arrive at Ras Laffan and University City in Doha within the week. I know your passion for promptness. Everything is proceeding as you desire. The black American was, as you would say, une complication sans reason, an unnecessary complication. He never should have learned of the details in his possession, but that little Irani boy he was traveling with was an incredible pest. That is my fault, mon ami, I allowed a lapse of judgment that will not ever, in shallah, occur again." Actually there was also a sensuous woman involved with his lack of judgment, but Al-Hassad did not share that detail with his colleague.

"This was savage reality. Here every tree tried to kill you. Every vine reached out to sink its fangs into soggy gray skin, and every noise promised years of cold-drenched, screaming nightmares in the God-blessed land of Select Comfort Beds and mocha frappacinos. Nothing prepares you for that stark reality, not even the sustained fatigue and sleeplessness of Ranger School, and no one who was not there can ever comprehend the fear and exhilaration of the adrenalin rush that frame the emotions of those eternal moments. This was another perplexing paradox of war. Those who did not die have never been so much alive. The scary thing was that I loved it, and no one I knew or cared about would ever understand that bizarre reaction."

Smoking is the most common risk factor for the development of lung cancer, which is the leading cause of cancer death. It is also associated with many other types of cancer, including cancers of the esophagus, larynx, kidney, pancreas, and cervix. Smoking also increases the risk of other health problems, such as chronic lung disease and heart disease. Smoking during pregnancy can have adverse effects on the unborn child, such as premature delivery and low birth weight. This book presents cutting-edge research in this field.