vitro methodology for the cultivation of erythroid The purpose of In Vitro Aspects of Erythropoiesis is to broaden our understanding of the regulation of stem cells. The second series of papers treats cellular normal and neoplastic hematopoietic cells by means and soluble factors which affect erythroid stem cell of a synthesis of different techniques, divergent no- differentiation. Hormonal modulation of in vitro menclature as well as a closer standardization of re- erythropoiesis is the theme of the third session fol- agents and methods which had heretofore produced lowed by a series of papers in the fourth which fo- vagaries of results among different laboratories. cuses on erythropoiesis after transformation by ei- Hence the papers, discussions and appendices pre- ther Friend or Rauscher viruses. The fifth session deals with serum inhibitors to erythropoiesis and the sented in this volume will be of value and interest to investigators and clinicians as well as to students and role of the macrophage in red blood cell production. teachers of hematology. Finally, the sixth session concentrates on the biogen- In Vitro Aspects of Erythropoiesis is comprised of esis of erythropoietin in vivo and in vitro. thirty papers delivered by twenty invited contribu- Each of the six sections is followed by a discus- tors at a three day conference which was held in sion which was transcribed and initially edited at the Capri, Italy in October of 1977. The contributors meeting.

Decentralization in Latin America and the Caribbean has changed the region's local development model. More resources and decision-making powers are being transferred from central governments to the local level. This new political, administrative, and fiscal landscape is creating new challenges and opportunities for subnational governments and for local economic development in the region. "The Local Alternative" offers a series of experiences, reflections, and lessons on how the new, decentralized institutional framework influences diverse aspects of the economic development processes at the local level. The book's chapters--written by a variety of actors ranging from experts in international organizations to policymakers at the national and subnational levels--highlight, among other experiences, local management within a context of greater autonomy, experiments with different subnational transfer and financing systems, and alternatives for stimulating local competitiveness and citizen participation.

Decentralization in Latin America and the Caribbean has changed the region's local development model. More resources and decision-making powers are being transferred from central governments to the local level. This new political, administrative, and fiscal landscape is creating new challenges and opportunities for subnational governments and for local economic development in the region. The Local Alternative offers a series of experiences, reflections, and lessons on how the new, decentralized institutional framework influences diverse aspects of the economic development processes at the local level. The book's chapters-written by a variety of actors ranging from experts in international organizations to policymakers at the national and subnational levels-highlight, among other experiences, local management within a context of greater autonomy, experiments with different subnational transfer and financing systems, and alternatives for stimulating local competitiveness and citizen participation.