Despite the changing demographics of the nation and a growing appreciation for diversity and inclusion as drivers of excellence in science, engineering, and medicine, Black Americans are severely underrepresented in these fields. Racism and bias are significant reasons for this disparity, with detrimental implications on individuals, health care organizations, and the nation as a whole. The Roundtable on Black Men and Black Women in Science, Engineering, and Medicine was launched at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in 2019 to identify key levers, drivers, and disruptors in government, industry, health care, and higher education where actions can have the most impact on increasing the participation of Black men and Black women in science, medicine, and engineering. On April 16, 2020, the Roundtable convened a workshop to explore the context for their work; to surface key issues and questions that the Roundtable should address in its initial phase; and to reach key stakeholders and constituents. This proceedings provides a record of the workshop. Table of Contents Front Matter 1 Introduction 2 Keynote Address: New Aspects of Racism 3 Notes on History, Myth, and Race in U.S. Medical Practice, 16192020 4 Segregation in Housing and Education 5 Attacks on Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Education 6 Racism in Relation to Black Men and Women in Science, Engineering, and Medicine 7 Concluding Remarks Appendix A: Workshop Agenda Appendix B: Biographical Sketches of Roundtable Members and Workshop Presenters

While the COVID-19 pandemic has had devastating health and economic impacts in the United States, communities of color, especially Black communities, have been disproportionately affected. On June 23, 2020, the Roundtable on Black Men and Black Women in Science, Engineering, and Medicine of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a virtual workshop to discuss the landscape of COVID-19, including how systemic racism contributes to the disproportionate effects related to infection rates and mortality of this virus and other health conditions. Presenters highlighted relevant research and creative responses from many perspectives, including how Black scientists, engineers, and doctors are contributing to solutions and are ready to do more. National Academies leaders and members also discussed the role of the National Academies in addressing the pandemic and underlying issues of systemic racism that have led to health disparities in the United States. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the workshop. Table of Contents Front Matter 1 Introduction 2 Keynote Session: The Landscape of COVID-19 3 Disproportionate Impact of COVID-19 on Black Communities 4 Exploring Views from the National Academies on COVID-19, Including Treatment and Policy Implications 5 Community Response and Community Resilience 6 Wrap-Up and Final Thoughts from Workshop Co-Chairs Appendix A: Workshop Agenda Appendix B: Biographical Sketches of Presenters