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This book investigates the actions of marriage tribunals by
analyzing the richest source of marriage suits extant in Italy,
those of the Venetian ecclesiastical tribunal, between 1420 and the
opening of the Council of Trent. It offers a strongly
representative overview of the changes the Council introduced to
centuries-old marriage practices, relegating it to the realm of
marginality and deviance and nearly erasing the memory of it
altogether. From the eleventh century onward, the Church assured
itself of a jurisdictional monopoly over the matter of marriage,
operating both in concert and in conflict with secular authorities
by virtue of marriage's civil consequences, the first of which
regarded the legitimacy of children. Secular tribunals were
responsible for patrimonial matters between spouses, though the
Church at times inserted itself into these matters either directly,
by substituting itself for the secular authority, or indirectly, by
influencing Rulings through their own sentences. Lay magistratures,
for their part, somewhat eroded the authority of ecclesiastical
tribunals by continuing to exercise autonomous jurisdiction over
marriage, especially regarding separation and crimes strictly
connected to the nuptial bond and its definition, including
adultery, bigamy, and rape.
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R398
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