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John Rawls (1921-2002) is, arguably, the most important political philosopher of our time. It is commonly observed that the publication in 1971 of his treatise A Theory of Justice initiated a return to political questions among Anglo-American philosophers and is largely responsible for the vigorous health of contemporary political philosophy. Rawls' ideas and approach have transformed philosophical inquiry in this area, and political theorists nowadays are obliged to make clear where they stand in relation to Rawls if they wish to be involved in mainstream discussions. Yet Rawls' influence has also extended beyond philosophy and has had a substantial impact on work in law, economics, and political science. Since the publication of A Theory of Justice, Rawls has written two other major works: Political Liberalism (1993) and The Law of Peoples (1999) and also issued a collection of his essays: Collected Papers (1999). This collection provides a thorough analysis of Rawls' work. In addition to a general introduction, the set includes introductions to each volume which help guide the reader through the material.
A compelling account of the threat immigration control poses to the
citizens of free societies Immigration is often seen as a danger to
western liberal democracies because it threatens to undermine their
fundamental values, most notably freedom and national
self-determination. In this book, however, Chandran Kukathas argues
that the greater threat comes not from immigration but from
immigration control. Kukathas shows that immigration control is not
merely about preventing outsiders from moving across borders. It is
about controlling what outsiders do once in a society: whether they
work, reside, study, set up businesses, or share their lives with
others. But controlling outsiders-immigrants or would-be
immigrants-requires regulating, monitoring, and sanctioning
insiders, those citizens and residents who might otherwise hire,
trade with, house, teach, or generally associate with outsiders.
The more vigorously immigration control is pursued, the more
seriously freedom is diminished. The search for control threatens
freedom directly and weakens the values upon which it relies,
notably equality and the rule of law. Kukathas demonstrates that
the imagined gains from efforts to control immigration are
illusory, for they do not promote economic prosperity or social
solidarity. Nor does immigration control bring self-determination,
since the apparatus of control is an international institutional
regime that increases the power of states and their agencies at the
expense of citizens. That power includes the authority to determine
who is and is not an insider: to define identity itself. Looking at
past and current practices across the world, Immigration and
Freedom presents a critique of immigration control as an
institutional reality, as well as an account of what freedom
means-and why it matters.
In his major new work Chandran Kukathas offers, for the first time,
a book-length treatment of this controversial and influential
theory of minority rights. The work is a defence of a form of
liberalism and multiculturalism. The general question it tries to
answer is: what is the principled basis of a free society marked by
cultural diversity and group loyalties? More particularly, it
explains whether such a society requires political institutions
which recognize minorities; how far it should tolerate such
minorities when their ways differ from those of the mainstream
community; to what extent political institutions should address
injustices suffered by minorities at the hands of the wider
society, and also at the hands of the powerful within their own
communities; what role, if any, the state should play in the
shaping of a society's (national) identity; and what fundamental
values should guide our reflections on these matters. Its main
contention is that a free society is an open society whose
fundamental principle is the principle of freedom of association. A
society is free to the extent that it is prepared to tolerate in
its midst associations which differ or dissent from its standards
or practices. An implication of these principles is that political
society is also no more than one among other associations; its
basis is the willingness of its members to continue to associate
under the terms which define it. While it is an 'association of
associations', it is not the only such association; it does not
subsume all other associations. The principles of a free society
describe not a hierarchy of superior and subordinate authorities
but an archipelago of competing and overlapping jurisdictions. The
idea of a liberal archipelago is defended as one which supplies us
with a better metaphor of the free society than do older notions
such as the body politic, or the ship of state. This work presents
a challenge, and an alternative, to other contemporary liberal
theories of multiculturalism.
In his major new work Chandran Kukathas offers, for the first time, a book-length treatment of this controversial and influential theory of minority rights. The author argues that the free society should not be seen as a hierarchy of superior and subordinate authorities but an archipelago of competing and overlapping jurisdictions.The idea of a liberal archipelago is defended as one which supplies us with a better metaphor of the free society than do older notions such as the body politic, or the ship of state. In challenging most of the existing theories of the multicultural society and answering his past critics, Kukathas has produced the book that no one with an interest in multiculturalism can afford to ignore.
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