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Electrochemical Energy: Advanced Materials and Technologies covers
the development of advanced materials and technologies for
electrochemical energy conversion and storage. The book was created
by participants of the International Conference on Electrochemical
Materials and Technologies for Clean Sustainable Energy (ICES-2013)
held in Guangzhou, China, and incorporates select papers presented
at the conference. More than 300 attendees from across the globe
participated in ICES-2013 and gave presentations in six major
themes: Fuel cells and hydrogen energy Lithium batteries and
advanced secondary batteries Green energy for a clean environment
Photo-Electrocatalysis Supercapacitors Electrochemical clean energy
applications and markets Comprised of eight sections, this book
includes 25 chapters featuring highlights from the conference and
covering every facet of synthesis, characterization, and
performance evaluation of the advanced materials for
electrochemical energy. It thoroughly describes electrochemical
energy conversion and storage technologies such as batteries, fuel
cells, supercapacitors, hydrogen generation, and their associated
materials. The book contains a number of topics that include
electrochemical processes, materials, components, assembly and
manufacturing, and degradation mechanisms. It also addresses
challenges related to cost and performance, provides varying
perspectives, and emphasizes existing and emerging solutions. The
result of a conference encouraging enhanced research collaboration
among members of the electrochemical energy community,
Electrochemical Energy: Advanced Materials and Technologies is
dedicated to the development of advanced materials and technologies
for electrochemical energy conversion and storage and details the
technologies, current achievements, and future directions in the
field.
Polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) or proton exchange m- brane
fuel cells (PEMFCs) have been suggested as alternatives to replace
many existing energy conversion technologies, incl-
inginternalcombustionenginesandbatteries.Themostsigni?cant advances
in PEFC technology achieved in the last decade have
occurredinareasrelatedtoautomotiveapplications,namelyco- start
capabilities, enhanced durability and better understanding of
watermanagementandmasstransportlosses. This volume of Modern
Aspects of Electrochemistry is
intendedtoprovideanoverviewofadvancementsinexperimental
diagnosticsandmodelingofpolymerelectrolytefuelcells.Chapters
byHuangandReifsniderandGuetal.provideanin-depthreview of the
durability issues in PEFCs as well as recent developments in
understanding and mitigation of degradation in the polymer
membraneandelectrocatalyst. Enabling cold start, the startup of
PEFC stacks from subzero temperatures, is a very important
capability achieved only within
thelastfewyears.TajiriandWangprovideatutorialoverviewofthe
requirementsforcoldstart,andprovideasummaryofexperimental
diagnosticsandcold-startmodelingstudies. Chapters 4-6 address
speci?c diagnostic methods in PEFCs. Martin et al. provide a
detailed review of methods for distributed diagnostics of species,
temperature, and current in PEFCs in Chapter 4.In Chapter 5, Hussey
and Jacobson describe the op-
ationalprinciplesofneutronradiographyforin-situvisualizationof
liquidwaterdistribution,andalsooutlineissuesrelatedtotemporal
andspatialresolution.TsushimaandHiraidescribebothmagnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) technique for visualization of water in
PEFCsandtunablediodelaserabsorptionspectroscopy (TDLAS)
formeasurementofwatervaporconcentrationinChapter6.
Diffusionmedia(DM)areproneto?oodingwithliquidwater.
AlthoughtheDMisanessentialcomponentofPEFCsthatenable
distributionofspeciesandcollectionofcurrentandheat,littlewas
knownaboutcapillarytransportinDMsuntilrecently.InChapters7 Gostick
et al. provide a description of liquid water transport in
porousDMduetocapillarityanddescribeexperimentaltechniques
usedtocharacterizeDMproperties. v vi Preface
The?naltwochaptersdiscussmodelingofPEFCs.Mukherjee and Wang provide
an in-depth review of meso-scale modeling of two-phase transport,
while Zhou et al. summarize both the s- ulation of electrochemical
reactions on electrocatalysts and the transport of protons through
the polymer electrolyte using at-
isticsimulationtoolssuchasmoleculardynamicsandMonteCarlo
techniques. Eachchapterinthevolumeisself-contained;thereforetheydo
notneedtobereadinacertainorder. Special thanks are due to 23
authors who contributed to this volume.
Polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) or proton exchange m- brane
fuel cells (PEMFCs) have been suggested as alternatives to replace
many existing energy conversion technologies, incl-
inginternalcombustionenginesandbatteries.Themostsigni?cant advances
in PEFC technology achieved in the last decade have
occurredinareasrelatedtoautomotiveapplications,namelyco- start
capabilities, enhanced durability and better understanding of
watermanagementandmasstransportlosses. This volume of Modern
Aspects of Electrochemistry is
intendedtoprovideanoverviewofadvancementsinexperimental
diagnosticsandmodelingofpolymerelectrolytefuelcells.Chapters
byHuangandReifsniderandGuetal.provideanin-depthreview of the
durability issues in PEFCs as well as recent developments in
understanding and mitigation of degradation in the polymer
membraneandelectrocatalyst. Enabling cold start, the startup of
PEFC stacks from subzero temperatures, is a very important
capability achieved only within
thelastfewyears.TajiriandWangprovideatutorialoverviewofthe
requirementsforcoldstart,andprovideasummaryofexperimental
diagnosticsandcold-startmodelingstudies. Chapters 4-6 address
speci?c diagnostic methods in PEFCs. Martin et al. provide a
detailed review of methods for distributed diagnostics of species,
temperature, and current in PEFCs in Chapter 4.In Chapter 5, Hussey
and Jacobson describe the op-
ationalprinciplesofneutronradiographyforin-situvisualizationof
liquidwaterdistribution,andalsooutlineissuesrelatedtotemporal
andspatialresolution.TsushimaandHiraidescribebothmagnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) technique for visualization of water in
PEFCsandtunablediodelaserabsorptionspectroscopy (TDLAS)
formeasurementofwatervaporconcentrationinChapter6.
Diffusionmedia(DM)areproneto?oodingwithliquidwater.
AlthoughtheDMisanessentialcomponentofPEFCsthatenable
distributionofspeciesandcollectionofcurrentandheat,littlewas
knownaboutcapillarytransportinDMsuntilrecently.InChapters7 Gostick
et al. provide a description of liquid water transport in
porousDMduetocapillarityanddescribeexperimentaltechniques
usedtocharacterizeDMproperties. v vi Preface
The?naltwochaptersdiscussmodelingofPEFCs.Mukherjee and Wang provide
an in-depth review of meso-scale modeling of two-phase transport,
while Zhou et al. summarize both the s- ulation of electrochemical
reactions on electrocatalysts and the transport of protons through
the polymer electrolyte using at-
isticsimulationtoolssuchasmoleculardynamicsandMonteCarlo
techniques. Eachchapterinthevolumeisself-contained;thereforetheydo
notneedtobereadinacertainorder. Special thanks are due to 23
authors who contributed to this volume.
This book consists of studies on China's economic development since
China carried out the reform and opening-up strategy, including
China's economic restructuring, economic operational mechanism,
socialist market economy, inflation, the reform of the urban
housing system, the economic impact of WTO entry, the future
potential growth rate, global economic governance, structural
fiscal and taxation reforms, the rapid growth of China's financial
industry, and more. These studies explores China's successful
experience of economic growth in the past and will shed some light
on China's economic development in the future, providing value to
economists and Chinese scholars.
This book collects the work of leading Chinese economists,
sociologists, and political scientists as China enters a pivotal
phase of development, as well as a new five-year plan. Scholars
from China's leading institutions and think-tanks explore global
economic trade patterns, regional imbalances, environmental
pollution, rural-urban disputes, and much more. This book will be
of interest to scholars, economists, and think-tank researchers.
This book collects the work of leading Chinese economists,
sociologists, and political scientists as China enters a pivotal
phase of development, as well as a new five-year plan. Scholars
from China's leading institutions and think-tanks explore global
economic trade patterns, regional imbalances, environmental
pollution, rural-urban disputes, and much more. This book will be
of interest to scholars, economists, and think-tank researchers.
Electrochemical Energy: Advanced Materials and Technologies covers
the development of advanced materials and technologies for
electrochemical energy conversion and storage. The book was created
by participants of the International Conference on Electrochemical
Materials and Technologies for Clean Sustainable Energy (ICES-2013)
held in Guangzhou, China, and incorporates select papers presented
at the conference. More than 300 attendees from across the globe
participated in ICES-2013 and gave presentations in six major
themes: Fuel cells and hydrogen energy Lithium batteries and
advanced secondary batteries Green energy for a clean environment
Photo-Electrocatalysis Supercapacitors Electrochemical clean energy
applications and markets Comprised of eight sections, this book
includes 25 chapters featuring highlights from the conference and
covering every facet of synthesis, characterization, and
performance evaluation of the advanced materials for
electrochemical energy. It thoroughly describes electrochemical
energy conversion and storage technologies such as batteries, fuel
cells, supercapacitors, hydrogen generation, and their associated
materials. The book contains a number of topics that include
electrochemical processes, materials, components, assembly and
manufacturing, and degradation mechanisms. It also addresses
challenges related to cost and performance, provides varying
perspectives, and emphasizes existing and emerging solutions. The
result of a conference encouraging enhanced research collaboration
among members of the electrochemical energy community,
Electrochemical Energy: Advanced Materials and Technologies is
dedicated to the development of advanced materials and technologies
for electrochemical energy conversion and storage and details the
technologies, current achievements, and future directions in the
field.
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