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The eight-volume set systematically studies the phonetic and
lexical system and evolution of the Chinese language in three
phases. The history of the Chinese language is generally split into
three phases: 1) Old Chinese, the form of the Chinese language
spoken between the 18th century BC and the 3rd century AD, 2)
Middle Chinese, between the 4th century AD to around the 12th
century AD, and 3) Modern Chinese, since the 13th century,
comprised of an 'early modern' phase before the early 20th century
and the contemporary period since. The first three volumes examine
the phonetical systems of the language in each period and distinct
changes across time, covering the initials system, finals system
and tone system. The subsequent 5 volumes focus on lexical
development throughout the different phases. The author also
analyses basic issues of Chinese language study, the
standardization of a modern common language and the foreign
influence on the lexicon, helping us to better understand the
history and development of the Chinese language. Illustrated with
abundant examples, this comprehensive groundwork on Chinese
phonetical history will be a must read for scholars and students
studying Chinese language, linguistics and especially Chinese
phonetics and lexicon.
Focusing on the ancient Chinese academy, a unique cultural and
educational organization in the Chinese history, this two-volume
set explores the interaction between academies and Confucianism,
education, social politics, and regional culture. Inaugurated in
the Tang dynasty and eventually abolished in the late Qing dynasty,
the academy exerts extensive and profound influences on the ancient
Chinese culture, politics, and social life. The first volume
revisits the inception and development from a socio-cultural
perspective; and examines the reciprocity and thriving
relationships between the academy and schools of Confucianism in
the Song, Yuan and Ming dynasties. Centering around the social,
political and cultural significance of the academy, the second
volume looks into the role that the academy played in social
control and governance, ritual, education and academia, as well as
the burgeoning of regional cultures. The set will be a useful
reference for scholars, students and general readers interested in
cultural history, intellectual history, and educational history of
ancient China, and especially the Chinese academy culture.
Bringing a fuzzy logic-based approach into translation studies and
drawing on the theory of information entropy, this book discusses
the translation of fuzzy language in literary works and advances a
new method of measuring text fuzziness between translation and
source text. Based on illustrative examples from the popular novel
The Da Vinci Code and its two translated Chinese versions, the
study demonstrates the fuzziness measuring method through an
algorithmic process. More specifically, information entropy is
applied to measure the uncertainty associated with readers'
understanding of the original and its corresponding target texts.
The underlying hypothesis is that the probability distribution in
which readers will understand identified fuzzy discourse is
measurable. By further explicating the validity of the hypothesis,
it seeks to solve translational "fuzzy" problems in the translation
process and offers an alternative, novel approach to the study of
"fuzzy" literary texts and their translation. Hopefully, the
argument of the book that the intrinsic uncertainty of fuzzy
language can be evaluated through Shannon's information entropy
will open up a new avenue to the quantitative description of the
fuzziness of language and translation. This book will be of
interest to scholars and students in translation studies, applied
linguistics and literary criticism.
As the seventh volume of a multi-volume set on the Chinese
language, this book studies the Mongolian influence on neologisms
in Modern Chinese and innovations in word formation and lexical
meanings during the period. Focusing on lexicons in Modern Chinese,
the Chinese language used since the 13th century AD, this book
first introduces new monosyllables and the entry of spoken idioms
and dialects into the written language as well as the mingling of
the Chinese language with the Mongolian and Manchu languages. It
then focuses on the development and features of polysyllabic words
in Modern Chinese, covering alliterative and rhyming compounds,
trisyllabic and four-syllable words. The final chapter discusses
the change of lexical meaning systems in Modern Chinese based on an
analysis of monosyllables, disyllables and polysyllables.
Illustrated with abundant examples, this comprehensive groundwork
on Chinese lexical history will be a must read for scholars and
students studying modern Chinese language, linguistics and
especially for beginning learners of the modern Chinese lexicon.
As the sixth volume of a multi-volume set on the Chinese language,
this book studies the influence of foreign culture on Middle
Chinese lexicon and the development of synonyms, idioms and
proverbs during the period. Focusing on lexicons in Middle Chinese,
the middle form of the Chinese language used between the 4th
century AD and the 12th century AD, this book first analyzes
loanwords in Middle Chinese, a product of cultural exchange with
western regions on the silk road and the impact of Buddhism. It
then discusses the differences in meaning between monosyllables and
polysyllables. The final chapter describes enriching idioms and
proverbs and the major sources of words, including classical works,
Buddhist texts and the spoken language. Illustrated with abundant
examples, this comprehensive groundwork on Chinese lexical history
will be a must read for scholars and students studying ancient
Chinese language, linguistics and especially for beginning learners
of the Middle Chinese lexicon.
As the fifth volume of a multi-volume set on the Chinese language,
this book studies the development of monosyllables and
polysyllables in Middle Chinese and the overall evolution of
lexical meanings during the period. Focusing on lexicons in Middle
Chinese, the Chinese language used between the 4th century AD and
the 12th century AD, the book first introduces the monosyllabic
neologisms of Middle Chinese, including characters and words
derived from Old Chinese lexicons and those newly created. It then
examines the development of polysyllabic words in Middle Chinese,
ranging from single morpheme words, tautologies and compound words.
The final chapter discusses the changes and extension of word
meanings in medieval Chinese. Illustrated with abundant examples,
this comprehensive groundwork on Chinese lexical history will be a
must read for scholars and students studying ancient Chinese
language, linguistics and especially for beginning learners of the
Middle Chinese lexicon.
As the final volume of a multi-volume set on the Chinese language,
this book studies the Western and Japanese influence on the lexicon
of Modern Chinese, lexical developments in synonyms, idioms and
proverbs in modern times, and lexical developments in contemporary
times. This volume first introduces the influence of foreign
cultures on the modern Chinese lexicon with an emphasis on
loanwords from Japanese and Indo-European languages. It then
discusses the synonyms, idioms and proverbs of Modern Chinese,
elucidating their evolution, sources and composition. The final
part centers on the development of the Chinese lexicon after the
May 4 Movement in 1919, marking the beginning of the contemporary
phase of the Chinese language. The author analyses trends and types
of neologisms and loanwords and analyzes the blend of Mandarin and
dialect words as well as the necessity of lexical standardization.
Illustrated with abundant examples, this comprehensive groundwork
on Chinese lexical history will be a must read for scholars and
students studying modern Chinese language, linguistics and
especially for beginning learners of modern and contemporary
Chinese lexicon.
As the fourth volume of a multi-volume set on the Chinese language,
this book studies the lexical system of Old Chinese and the
development of different types of lexicons during the period.
Focusing on lexicons in Old Chinese, the early form of the Chinese
language used between the 18th century BC and the 3rd century AD,
this volume first introduces the methods of word formation in Old
Chinese by analyzing words inscribed in oracle bones of the Shang
Dynasty. Illustrated with examples, it then examines the lexical
features of Old Chinese and explores the progress and evolutionary
features of monosyllabic words, polysyllabic words, lexical
meanings, synonyms, and idioms and proverbs over the course of the
volume. This comprehensive groundwork on Chinese lexical history is
a must read for scholars and students studying ancient Chinese
language, linguistics and especially for beginning learners of the
Old Chinese lexicon.
A groundbreaking work on Chinese linguistics by a distinguised
linguist A full picture of phonetical system from old Chinese to
modern Chinese Illustrated with concrete examples
A groundbreaking work on Chinese linguistics by a distinguised
linguist A full picture of phonetical system from old Chinese to
modern Chinese Illustrated with concrete examples
A groundbreaking work on Chinese linguistics by a distinguised
linguist A full picture of phonetical system from old Chinese to
modern Chinese Illustrated with concrete examples
Studies the ancient Chinese academy from a socio-cultural
historical perspective Investigates the relationship between the
academy, Confucianism, politics, and society A vivid presentation
of Chinese culture and how the academy functions in the various
aspects of ancient Chiense society
Studies the ancient Chinese academy from a socio-cultural
historical perspective Investigates the relationship between the
academy, Confucianism, politics, and society A vivid presentation
of Chinese culture and how the academy functions in the various
aspects of ancient Chiense society
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