The book interprets the Cuban revolutionary movement from 1868 to 1959 as a continuous process that sought political independence and social and economic transformation of colonial and neocolonial structures. Cuba is a symbol of hope for the Third World. The Cuban Revolution took power from a national elite subordinate to foreign capital, and placed it in the hands of the people; and it subsequently developed alternative structures of popular democracy that have functioned to keep delegates of the people in power. While Cuba has persisted, the peoples of the Third World, knocked down by the neoliberal project, have found social movement and political life, a renewal that is especially evident in Latin America and the Non-Aligned Movement. At the same time, the capitalist world-economy increasingly reveals its unsustainability, and the global elite demonstrate its incapacity to respond to a multifaceted and sustained global crisis. These dynamics establish conditions for popular democratic socialist revolutions in the North.

In this time of great upheaval in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union, Karl Marx's relevance to contemporary social science may seem remote. However, this important study by Charles McKelvey shows just the opposite: Marx's concept of science can help social scientists gain a greater understanding of today's world society. Western ethnocentrism has, McKelvey argues, isolated the Euro-American social scientist from a true picture of conditions in the Third World. Modern sociology must rethink itself, McKelvey believes, in light of Marxian concepts, Immanuel Wallerstein's world systems perspective, and the cognitional theory of philosopher Bernard Lonergan. The main purpose of McKelvey's book is to formulate a social scientific method for the attainment of objective knowledge. First, the book examines elements of Marx's work which have been overlooked or misunderstood. Next, McKelvey takes a sociology of knowledge approach and studies Marx's biography in order to grasp the full essence of Marx's concept of science. The book then draws on Lonergan's philosophy to reformulate Marx's concept of science in a manner appropriate for the twentieth century. The final part of the book illustrates Marx's reconstructed concept of science through discussion of theories of Third World underdevelopment. Beyond Ethnocentrism will be of great interest to sociologists, political scientists, historians, and philosophers whose work focuses on Marx or Marxist literature, social science, or Lonergan.