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The book interprets the Cuban revolutionary movement from 1868 to
1959 as a continuous process that sought political independence and
social and economic transformation of colonial and neocolonial
structures. Cuba is a symbol of hope for the Third World. The Cuban
Revolution took power from a national elite subordinate to foreign
capital, and placed it in the hands of the people; and it
subsequently developed alternative structures of popular democracy
that have functioned to keep delegates of the people in power.
While Cuba has persisted, the peoples of the Third World, knocked
down by the neoliberal project, have found social movement and
political life, a renewal that is especially evident in Latin
America and the Non-Aligned Movement. At the same time, the
capitalist world-economy increasingly reveals its unsustainability,
and the global elite demonstrate its incapacity to respond to a
multifaceted and sustained global crisis. These dynamics establish
conditions for popular democratic socialist revolutions in the
North.
In this time of great upheaval in Eastern Europe and the Soviet
Union, Karl Marx's relevance to contemporary social science may
seem remote. However, this important study by Charles McKelvey
shows just the opposite: Marx's concept of science can help social
scientists gain a greater understanding of today's world society.
Western ethnocentrism has, McKelvey argues, isolated the
Euro-American social scientist from a true picture of conditions in
the Third World. Modern sociology must rethink itself, McKelvey
believes, in light of Marxian concepts, Immanuel Wallerstein's
world systems perspective, and the cognitional theory of
philosopher Bernard Lonergan. The main purpose of McKelvey's book
is to formulate a social scientific method for the attainment of
objective knowledge. First, the book examines elements of Marx's
work which have been overlooked or misunderstood. Next, McKelvey
takes a sociology of knowledge approach and studies Marx's
biography in order to grasp the full essence of Marx's concept of
science. The book then draws on Lonergan's philosophy to
reformulate Marx's concept of science in a manner appropriate for
the twentieth century. The final part of the book illustrates
Marx's reconstructed concept of science through discussion of
theories of Third World underdevelopment. Beyond Ethnocentrism will
be of great interest to sociologists, political scientists,
historians, and philosophers whose work focuses on Marx or Marxist
literature, social science, or Lonergan.
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