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This book considers how history is not just objectively lived but
subjectively experienced by people in the process of orienting
their present toward the past. It analyses affectivity in
historical experience, examines the digital mediation of history,
and assesses the current politics of competing historical genres.
The contributors explore the diverse ways in which the past may be
activated and felt in the here and now, juxtaposing the practices
of professional historiography with popular modes of engaging the
past, from reenactments, filmmaking/viewing and historical fiction
to museum collections and visits to historical sites. By examining
the divergent forms of historical experience that flourish in the
shadow of historicism in the West, this volume demonstrates how,
and how widely (socially), the understanding of the past exceeds
the expectations and frameworks of professional historicism. It
makes the case that historians and the discipline of History could
benefit from an ethnographic approach in order to assess the social
reception of their practice now, and into a near future
increasingly conditioned by digital media and demands for
experiential immediacy.
This book considers how history is not just objectively lived but
subjectively experienced by people in the process of orienting
their present toward the past. It analyses affectivity in
historical experience, examines the digital mediation of history,
and assesses the current politics of competing historical genres.
The contributors explore the diverse ways in which the past may be
activated and felt in the here and now, juxtaposing the practices
of professional historiography with popular modes of engaging the
past, from reenactments, filmmaking/viewing and historical fiction
to museum collections and visits to historical sites. By examining
the divergent forms of historical experience that flourish in the
shadow of historicism in the West, this volume demonstrates how,
and how widely (socially), the understanding of the past exceeds
the expectations and frameworks of professional historicism. It
makes the case that historians and the discipline of History could
benefit from an ethnographic approach in order to assess the social
reception of their practice now, and into a near future
increasingly conditioned by digital media and demands for
experiential immediacy.
Dire Emotions and Lethal Behaviors explores the primary
motivational system in human beings. Based on the work of C. G.
Jung, James Hillman, Louis Stewart and Silvan Tomkins, Charles
Stewart investigates the psychology of the innate affects, with a
focus towards the emotional motivation of adolescents and young
adults who have killed others, themselves, or both.
It is suggested that social isolation, dissociation of the
personality, unbearable emotions, and possession by affects are
necessary conditions for both homicide and suicide. Stewart argues
that these conditions result from deep-seated emotional
psychopathology which involves both the positive affects of the
life instinct - Interest and Joy, and the crisis affects - Fear,
Anguish, Anger, and Shame/Contempt.
Illustrated throughout with case studies of individuals who have
committed homicide, suicide, or both, Dire Emotions and Lethal
Behaviors aims to discover the emotional motivations for such
behaviors so that through education and psychological treatment,
such tragic outcomes can be prevented. This book will be of
interest to professionals and students in the fields of mental
health and criminal justice.
Syncretism - the synthesis of different religious - is a contentious word. Some regard it as a pejorative term, referring to local versions of notionally standard `world religions' which are deemed `inauthentic' because saturated with indigenous content. Syncretic versions of Christianity do not conform to `official' (read `European') models. In other contexts however, the syncretic amalgamation of religions may be validated as a mode of resistance to colonial hegemony, a sign of cultural survival, or as a means of authorising political dominance in a multicultural state. In Syncretism/Anti-Syncretism the contributors explore the issues of agency and power which are integral to the very process of syncretism and to the competing discourses surrounding the term.
Syncretism - the synthesis of different religious traditions - is a
contentious word. Some regard it as a pejorative term, referring to
local versions of notionally standard "world religions" which are
deemed "inauthentic" because saturated with indigenous content.
Syncretic versions of Christianity do not conform to "official"
(read "European") models. In other contexts however, the syncretic
amalgamation of religions may be validated as a mode of resistance
to colonial hegemony, a sign of cultural survival, or as a means of
authorizing political dominance in a multicultural state. In
"Syncretism/Anti-Syncretism" the contributors explore the issues of
agency and power which are integral to the very process of
syncretism and to the competing discourses surrounding the term.
Some of the worst effects of the global economic downturn that
commenced in 2008 have been felt in Europe, and specifically in the
Eurozone's so-called PIIGS (Portugal, Italy, Ireland, Greece, and
Spain) and Cyprus. This edited volume is the first collection to
bring together ethnographies of living with austerity inside the
Eurozone, and explore how people across Southern Europe have come
to understand their experiences of increased social suffering,
insecurity, and material poverty. The contributors focus on how
crises stimulate temporal thought (temporality), whether tilted in
the direction of historicizing, presentifying, futural thought, or
some combination of these possibilities. One of the themes linking
diverse crisis experiences across national boundaries is how people
contemplate their present conditions and potential futures in terms
of the past. The studies in this collection thus supply
ethnographies that journey to the source of historical production
by identifying the ways in which the past may be activated, lived,
embodied, and refashioned under contracting economic horizons. In
times of crisis modern linear historicism is often overridden (and
overwritten) by other historicities showing that in crises not only
time, but history itself as an organizing structure and set of
expectations, is up for grabs and can be refashioned according to
new rules. This book was originally published as a special issue of
History and Anthropology.
Social scientists have used the term "Creolization" to evoke
cultural fusion and the emergence of new cultures across the globe.
However, the term has been under-theorized and tends to be used as
a simple synonym for "mixture" or "hybridity." In this volume, by
contrast, renowned scholars give the term historical and
theoretical specificity by examining the very different domains and
circumstances in which the process takes place. Elucidating the
concept in this way not only uncovers a remarkable history, it also
re-opens the term for new theoretical use. It illuminates an
ill-understood idea, explores how the term has operated and
signified in different disciplines, times, and places, and
indicates new areas of study for a dynamic and fascinating process.
Social scientists have used the term "Creolization" to evoke
cultural fusion and the emergence of new cultures across the globe.
However, the term has been under-theorized and tends to be used as
a simple synonym for "mixture" or "hybridity." In this volume, by
contrast, renowned scholars give the term historical and
theoretical specificity by examining the very different domains and
circumstances in which the process takes place. Elucidating the
concept in this way not only uncovers a remarkable history, it also
re-opens the term for new theoretical use. It illuminates an
ill-understood idea, explores how the term has operated and
signified in different disciplines, times, and places, and
indicates new areas of study for a dynamic and fascinating process.
In present-day Greece many people still speak of
exotikNB--mermaids, dog-form creatures, and other monstrous beings
similar to those pictured on medieval maps. Challenging the
conventional notion that these often malevolent demons belong
exclusively to a realm of folklore or superstition separate from
Christianity, Charles Stewart looks at beliefs about the exotikNB
and the Orthodox Devil to demonstrate the interdependency of
doctrinal and local religion. He argues persuasively that students
who cling to the timeworn folk/official distinction will find it
impossible to appreciate the breadth and coherence of contemporary
Greek cosmology. Like the medieval cartographers' fantasies, which
were placed on the "edges" of the physical world, Greek demons
cluster in marginal locations--outlying streams, wells, and caves.
The demons are near enough to the community, however, to attack
humans--causing illness or death, according to Stewart's
informants. Drawing on an unusual range of sources, from the
author's fieldwork on the Cycladic island of Naxos to Orthodox
liturgical texts, this book pictures the exotikNB as elements of a
Greek cognitive map: figures that enable individuals to navigate
the traumas and ambiguities of life. Stewart also examines the
social forces that have by turns disposed the Greek people to
embrace these demons as indicative of links with the classical past
or to eschew them as signs of backwardness and ignorance.
"Words of a Dead Chief" is an important text from a critical period
in Irish nationalist politics. Published in 1892, shortly after
Charles Stewart Parnell's death, it is a collection of extracts
from his speeches, including all of the best-known ones. There is
an unmistakeable political even propagandist dimension to the
publication. It was written for a nationalist audience and
particularly for followers of Parnell. Wyse-Power explains in her
preface that the purpose of her 'humble memento' was to keep the
principles which Parnell enunciated before the minds of Irish
Nationalists 'for whom there should be a rule of political faith
and conduct'. She aimed to select such passages as were most
characteristic of Parnell, of most vital importance for
nationalists to study, remember and take for guidance. This edition
includes the original introduction by C. S. Parnell's sister Anna.
The book was an immediate bestseller. It was easily accessible to a
general audience and proved highly influential, but it went quickly
out of print.
Some of the worst effects of the global economic downturn that
commenced in 2008 have been felt in Europe, and specifically in the
Eurozone's so-called PIIGS (Portugal, Italy, Ireland, Greece, and
Spain) and Cyprus. This edited volume is the first collection to
bring together ethnographies of living with austerity inside the
Eurozone, and explore how people across Southern Europe have come
to understand their experiences of increased social suffering,
insecurity, and material poverty. The contributors focus on how
crises stimulate temporal thought (temporality), whether tilted in
the direction of historicizing, presentifying, futural thought, or
some combination of these possibilities. One of the themes linking
diverse crisis experiences across national boundaries is how people
contemplate their present conditions and potential futures in terms
of the past. The studies in this collection thus supply
ethnographies that journey to the source of historical production
by identifying the ways in which the past may be activated, lived,
embodied, and refashioned under contracting economic horizons. In
times of crisis modern linear historicism is often overridden (and
overwritten) by other historicities showing that in crises not only
time, but history itself as an organizing structure and set of
expectations, is up for grabs and can be refashioned according to
new rules. This book was originally published as a special issue of
History and Anthropology.
Interviewing: Principles and Practices, the most widely used text
for the interviewing course, continues to reflect the growing
sophistication with which interviewing is being approached,
incorporating the ever-expanding body of research in all types of
interview settings, recent communication theory, and the importance
of equal opportunity laws on interviewing practices. It provides
the most thorough treatment of the basics of interviewing,
including the complex interpersonal communication process, types
and uses of questions, and the structuring of interviews from
opening to closing.
From 1789 to 1913, U.S. senators were not directly elected by
the people--instead the Constitution mandated that they be chosen
by state legislators. This radically changed in 1913, when the
Seventeenth Amendment to the Constitution was ratified, giving the
public a direct vote. "Electing the Senate" investigates the
electoral connections among constituents, state legislators,
political parties, and U.S. senators during the age of indirect
elections. Wendy Schiller and Charles Stewart find that even though
parties controlled the partisan affiliation of the winning
candidate for Senate, they had much less control over the universe
of candidates who competed for votes in Senate elections and the
parties did not always succeed in resolving internal conflict among
their rank and file. Party politics, money, and personal ambition
dominated the election process, in a system originally designed to
insulate the Senate from public pressure.
"Electing the Senate" uses an original data set of all the roll
call votes cast by state legislators for U.S. senators from 1871 to
1913 and all state legislators who served during this time.
Newspaper and biographical accounts uncover vivid stories of the
political maneuvering, corruption, and partisanship--played out by
elite political actors, from elected officials, to party machine
bosses, to wealthy business owners--that dominated the indirect
Senate elections process. "Electing the Senate" raises important
questions about the effectiveness of Constitutional reforms, such
as the Seventeenth Amendment, that promised to produce a more
responsive and accountable government.
On publication in 2012, Dreaming and Historical Consciousness in
Island Greece quickly met wide acclaim as a gripping work that,
according to the Times Literary Supplement, "offers a wholly new
way of thinking about dreams in their social contexts." It tells an
extraordinary story of spiritual fervor, prophecy, and the ghosts
of the distant past coming alive in the present. This new
affordable paperback brings it to the wider audience that it
deserves. Charles Stewart tells the story of the inhabitants of K
ronos, on the Greek island of Naxos, who, in the 1830s, began
experiencing dreams in which the Virgin Mary instructed them to
search for buried Christian icons nearby and build a church to
house the ones they found. Miraculously, they dug and found several
icons and human remains, and at night the ancient owners of them
would speak to them in dreams. The inhabitants built the church and
in the years since have experienced further waves of dreams and
startling prophesies that shaped their understanding of the past
and future and often put them at odds with state authorities.
Today, K ronos is the site of one of the largest annual pilgrimages
in the Mediterranean. Telling this fascinating story, Stewart draws
on his long-term fieldwork and original historical sources to
explore dreaming as a mediator of historical change, while widening
the understanding of historical consciousness and history itself.
The Speaker of the House of Representatives is the most powerful
partisan figure in the contemporary U.S. Congress. How this came to
be, and how the majority party in the House has made control of the
speakership a routine matter, is far from straightforward.
"Fighting for the Speakership" provides a comprehensive history of
how Speakers have been elected in the U.S. House since 1789,
arguing that the organizational politics of these elections were
critical to the construction of mass political parties in America
and laid the groundwork for the role they play in setting the
agenda of Congress today.
Jeffery Jenkins and Charles Stewart show how the speakership
began as a relatively weak office, and how votes for Speaker prior
to the Civil War often favored regional interests over party
loyalty. While struggle, contention, and deadlock over House
organization were common in the antebellum era, such instability
vanished with the outbreak of war, as the majority party became an
"organizational cartel" capable of controlling with certainty the
selection of the Speaker and other key House officers. This
organizational cartel has survived Gilded Age partisan strife,
Progressive Era challenge, and conservative coalition politics to
guide speakership elections through the present day. "Fighting for
the Speakership" reveals how struggles over House organization
prior to the Civil War were among the most consequential turning
points in American political history.
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