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The causes and nature of the civil wars that gripped the British
Isles in the mid-seventeenth century remain one of the most studied
yet least understood historical conundrums. Religion, politics,
economics and affairs local, national and international, all
collided to fuel a conflict that has posed difficult questions both
for contemporaries and later historians. Were the events of the
1640s and 50s the first stirrings of modern political
consciousness, or, as John Morrill suggested, wars of religion?
This collection revisits the debate with a series of essays which
explore the implications of John Morrill's suggestion that the
English Civil War should be regarded as a war of religion. This
process of reflection constitutes the central theme, and the
collection as a whole seeks to address the shortcomings of what
have come to be the dominant interpretations of the civil wars,
especially those that see them as secular phenomena, waged in order
to destroy monarchy and religion at a stroke. Instead, a number of
chapters present a portrait of political thought that is defined by
a closer integration of secular and religious law and addresses
problems arising from the clash of confessional and political
loyalties. In so doing the volume underlines the extent to which
the dispute over the constitution took place within a political
culture comprised of many elements of fundamental agreement, and
this perspective offers a richer and more nuanced readings of some
of the period's central figures, and draws firmer links between the
crisis at the centre and its manifestation in the localities.
The aim of this Element is to foreground Native American
conceptions of sovereignty and power in order to refine the place
of settler colonialism in American colonial and early republican
history. It argues that Indigenous concepts of sovereignty were
rooted in complex metaphorical language, in historical
understandings of alliance, and in mobility in a landscape of
layered interconnections of power. Where some versions of the
interpretive paradigm of settler colonialism emphasise the violent
'elimination of the native', this work reveals that diplomatic
transactions between the Iroquois Confederacy and British colonial
and imperial agents reveal a hybrid language of alliance,
sovereignty and territory. These languages and concepts of
inter-cultural diplomacy provide contexts that suggest a more
nuanced and dynamic relationship between colonialism and Indigenous
power.
This 2005 book proposes a model for understanding religious debates
in the Churches of England and Scotland between 1603 and 1625.
Setting aside 'narrow' analyses of conflict over predestination,
its theme is ecclesiology - the nature of the Church, its rites and
governance, and its relationship to the early Stuart political
world. Drawing on a substantial number of polemical works, from
sermons to books of several hundred pages, it argues that rival
interpretations of scripture, pagan, and civil history and the
sources central to the Christian historical tradition lay at the
heart of disputes between proponents of contrasting ecclesiological
visions. Some saw the Church as a blend of spiritual and political
elements - a state Church - while others insisted that the life of
the spirit should be free from civil authority.
A Confusion of Tongues examines the complex interaction of
religion, history, and law in the period before the outbreak of the
wars of the Three Kingdoms. It questions interpretations of that
conflict that emphasise either the purely doctrinal roots of
religious tension, or the processes by which the law gained primacy
over the Church, in what amounted to a secular revolution. Instead,
religion took its place among a range of constitutional issues that
undermined the authority of Charles I in both England and Scotland.
Charles Prior offers a careful reconstruction of a number of
printed debates on the nature of the relationship of church and
realm: the introduction of altars into the Church of England; the
Scottish National Covenant; and the legal consequences of the
assertion of clerical power in a system of ecclesiastical courts.
He reveals that these debates were concerned with the ambiguities
of the relationship of civil and ecclesiastical power that were
contained in the statutes that carved out the Church 'by law
established'. Instead of being clearly separated as part of an
'Erastian' Reformation, religion and law were bound together in
complex ways, and debates on the relationship of church and realm
emerged as a vital conduit of political and constitutional thought.
A Confusion of Tongues offers a synthetic and nuanced portrait of
the politics of religion, and recovers the texture of contemporary
debate at a vital point in early modern British history.
This book proposes a new model for understanding religious debates
in the churches of England and Scotland between 1603 and 1625.
Setting aside 'narrow' analyses of conflict over predestination,
its theme is ecclesiology - the nature of the church, its rites and
governance, and its relationship to the early Stuart political
world. Drawing on a substantial number of polemical works, from
sermons to books of several hundred pages, it argues that rival
interpretations of scripture, pagan and civil history and the
sources central to the Christian historical tradition lay at the
heart of disputes between proponents of contrasting ecclesiological
visions. Some saw the church as a blend of spiritual and political
elements - a state church - while others insisted that the life of
the spirit should be free from civil authority. As the reign went
on, these positions hardened, and they made a major contribution to
the religious divisions of the 1640s.
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