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SIX THEORIES OF MIND SIX THEORIES OF MIND CHARLES VV. MORRIS, PH.
D. Associate Professor of Philosophy The University of Chicago i
THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS CHICAGO ILLINOIS TO JOHN DEWEY AND
GEORGE H. MEAD PREFACE pages which follow were originally intended
I to form the first part of a larger work on the topic M of mind.
The pages, however, multiplied in an unseemly fashion, and came to
assume somewhat the char acter of a separate work. The present
study has deepened the initial conviction as to the fruitfulness of
the identifi cation of mind with the symbolic process, and it is
planned to follow this historical and comparative treatment with
the development of a general theory of symbolism and its
application to the nature of mind. Six dominant types of theory of
mind are examined criti cally in successive chapters. No claim to
completeness or finality in treatment can be made, but it is
believed that these chapters do reveal the main articulation of
this prov ince of thought, and exhibit the cultural and
philosophical dialectic which has resulted in the present dominance
of functional theories of mind. I am indebted to President Edgar
Odell Lovett of the Rice Institute for permission to use portions
of a study entitled The Nature of Mind which appeared in the Rice
Institute Pamphlet of 1929, and to the editors of the Journal of
Philosophy for permission to reprint, with some modifications, the
pages on Mr. Whitehead. Professors Ridoslav A. Tsanoff, Edwin A.
Burtt, and G. Watts Cun niagham have given me the benefit of their
careful reading of the first two chapters, with the exception of
the pages on Gentile and Leibniz. My deepest thanks must go to John
Laird, Arthur O.Lovejoy, Charles A. Strong, Bertrand Russell, and
John Dewey for valuable corrections and com viii PREFACE ments, and
for their often elaborate analyses of the pag and chapters
centering around their views. It is due t them that some errors
have been avoided, and some stra men left untouched. The changes
demanded by Mr. Love joys comments were so extensive that the
present discus sion of his views cannot be said to have passed
under hi eyes. The kindness and acumen of these men have beei
commensurate with their eminence. Some of their reac tions have
been embodied in the text, and some have beei inserted as
footnotes. Mr. John Dewey has allowed me t state his acceptance of
the presentation and interpretatioi of his views given in chapter
vi, Mind as Function. Notes in this chapter denoted by letters of
the alphabe instead of numerals are additions to the manuscript
sinc Mr. Dewey s reading. Mr. Bertrand Russells restatemen of his
analysis of mind has been inserted bodily in the chapter on Mind as
Relation. Miss Vivian Vieweger has considerably lightened the more
burdensome aspects of manuscript preparation. Two young ladies of
different ages, one sharing my name and the other my blood, have
constantly kept before aca demic eyes the living reality of mind.
CHARLES W. MORRIS March, 1932, TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE I.
MIND AS SUBSTANCE i 1. Primitive Conceptions of Mind I 2. Substance
and Substantive 5 3. The Genesis of the Concept of Substance .... 8
4. Plato and the Substance Tradition 12 5. Function and Substance
in Aristotle . .... 16 6. The Background of Cartesianism 21 7. The
Cartesian Dualism 24 3. The Galilean-Cartesian-Newtonian World-View
. . 27 9. The Reactions of Hobbes andSpinoza 30 10. The Berkeleian
Alternative 33 11. Hume and Kant 36 12. An Evaluation of the
Concept of Substance . ... 41 II. MIND AS PROCESS 47 13. Idealism
and Process Mind as Concrete Universal . 47 14. Hegels Doctrine of
Absolute Mind 53 15. A Critical Glance at the Hegelian Position
.... 56 16. Bradley Mind as Organic Wholeness 61 17. Bradley s
Treatment of Finite Mind 63 18. Bosanquet Mind and Totality 67 19.
Bosanquet on Finite Mind 69 20. Bosanquets Passage from Identity to
Subject ... 72 21. An Evaluation of Absolute Idealism 76 22...
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