A volume in the Chinese American Educational Research and Development Association Book Series Series Editor Jinfa Cai, University of Delaware Over the past thirty years, student assessment has become an increasingly important component of public education. A variety of methodologies in testing have been developed to obtain and interpret the wealth of assessment outcomes. As assessment goals are getting increasingly multifaceted, new testing methodologies are called for to provide more accessible and reliable information on more complex constructs or processes, such as students' criticalthinking and problem-solving skills. Testing methodologies are needed to extract information from assessments on such complicated skills, in order to advise teachers about certain areas of students that need intervention. It is even a bigger challenge, and a vital mission of today's large-scale assessments, to gain such information from testing data in an efficient manner. For example PARCC and Smarter Balanced Assessments consortia are both striving to offer formative assessments through individualized, tailored testing. The book provides state-of-the-art coverage on new methodologies to support tradit ional summative assessment, and more importantly, for emerging formative assessments.

This thesis focuses on the transport and magneto-transport properties of graphene p-n-p junctions, such as the pronounced quantum Hall effect, a well-defined plateau-plateau transition point, and scaling behavior. In addition, it demonstrates persistent photoconductivity (PPC) in the monolayer MoS2 devices, an effect that can be attributed to random localized potential fluctuations in the devices. Further, it studies scaling behavior at zeroth Landau level and high performance of fractional values of quantum Hall plateaus in these graphene p-n-p devices. Moreover, it demonstrates a unique and efficient means of controlling the PPC effect in monolayer MoS2. This PPC effect may offer novel functionalities for MoS2-based optoelectronic applications in the future.

Accessible to users with relatively little experience with R programming Reproducible data analysis examples that can be modified to accommodate users' own data Accompanying e-book website with links to additional resources and R code updates as needed Features dichotomous and polytomous (rating scale) Rasch models that can be applied to data from a wide range of disciplines

Accessible to users with relatively little experience with R programming Reproducible data analysis examples that can be modified to accommodate users' own data Accompanying e-book website with links to additional resources and R code updates as needed Features dichotomous and polytomous (rating scale) Rasch models that can be applied to data from a wide range of disciplines

This thesis focuses on the transport and magneto-transport properties of graphene p-n-p junctions, such as the pronounced quantum Hall effect, a well-defined plateau-plateau transition point, and scaling behavior. In addition, it demonstrates persistent photoconductivity (PPC) in the monolayer MoS2 devices, an effect that can be attributed to random localized potential fluctuations in the devices. Further, it studies scaling behavior at zeroth Landau level and high performance of fractional values of quantum Hall plateaus in these graphene p-n-p devices. Moreover, it demonstrates a unique and efficient means of controlling the PPC effect in monolayer MoS2. This PPC effect may offer novel functionalities for MoS2-based optoelectronic applications in the future.

This book provides a comprehensive, state-of-the-art review of the diagnosis and management of retroperitoneal tumors. It highlights current surgical techniques for combined resection and reconstruction of various abdominal and pelvic organs and structures, along with adjuvant therapy. The book consists of three parts: Part 1 summarizes basic knowledge on retroperitoneal tumors and provides a detailed introduction to diagnosis and treatment, while Part 2 focuses on the surgical techniques used for retroperitoneal tumors and describes general procedures for operations on retroperitoneal tumors at different sites. Lastly, Part 3 details the etiology, pathology, evaluation, treatment and prognosis of retroperitoneal tumors according to pathological subtypes. This book is designed as a resource and guide for surgical and medical oncologists working with retroperitoneal tumors.

A volume in the Chinese American Educational Research and Development Association Book Series Series Editor Jinfa Cai, University of Delaware Over the past thirty years, student assessment has become an increasingly important component of public education. A variety of methodologies in testing have been developed to obtain and interpret the wealth of assessment outcomes. As assessment goals are getting increasingly multifaceted, new testing methodologies are called for to provide more accessible and reliable information on more complex constructs or processes, such as students' criticalthinking and problem-solving skills. Testing methodologies are needed to extract information from assessments on such complicated skills, in order to advise teachers about certain areas of students that need intervention. It is even a bigger challenge, and a vital mission of today's large-scale assessments, to gain such information from testing data in an efficient manner. For example PARCC and Smarter Balanced Assessments consortia are both striving to offer formative assessments through individualized, tailored testing. The book provides state-of-the-art coverage on new methodologies to support tradit ional summative assessment, and more importantly, for emerging formative assessments.

This book comprises select proceedings of the workshop “Practical inverse problems and their prospects� held online by zoom, from Mar 2nd to Mar. 4th, 2022, supported by Institute of Mathematics for Industry, Kyushu University focusing on cutting-edge research carried out in the areas of practical inverse problems based on industry-academia and interdisciplinary collaborations. Various themes on practical inverse problems covered in this book are medical imaging, non-destructive and non-invasive inspections, viscoelastic waves, remote sensing, infrared light tomography, maintenance of infrastructure, and so on, and mathematical theories in inverse problems are also handled in these proceedings. All papers in this book are written by qualified authors in the practical inverse problems area and also the papers are newly announced. Readers can get leading-edge information on practical inverse problems.