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Infections with Chlamydia pneumoniae have been associated with
chronic inflammatory diseases, but the influences of multiple
factors are not well understood. A multivariate experimental design
investigated the major factors that influence disease, chlamydial
lung burden, and transcript levels: i) host genetics, ii)
pre-challenge immunity, iii) time after challenge infection, iv)
dietary protein content, v) dietary antioxidant content. The
combined effects of mouse strain, immune status, and time after
challenge inoculation resulted in opposite outcomes for lung
disease and elimination of C. pneumoniae, while dietary protein and
antioxidant content had little overall influence. A simple best-fit
partial least square regression model using day-3 Tim3, GATA3, and
arginase 2 transcript concentrations predicted 85% of the day-10
disease and 72% of the day-10 C. pneumoniae lung load. This book
has elucidated general mechanisms of chlamydial pathogenesis, and
clearly supports the concept that host-dependent levels of early
Th1 and Th2 responses, and their balance, significantly correlated
with late disease and pathogen load of C. pneumoniae lung
infections.
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