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This monograph aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the legal
protection of the private equity (PE) investors in China. In an
academic sense, this research mainly focuses on the agency problems
in the life cycle of PE investment under the business organization
law system in China. Briefly speaking, the agency problems of PE
investment derive from the two-level separation of ownership and
control, one of which is the principal-agent relationship between
the PE investors and the fund manager, and the other is the
principal-agent relationship between the PE shareholders and the
management of investee companies. It is the first research to
provide an in-depth examination on the investor protection in the
PE investment under the business organization law system in China.
Since the beginning of the 21st century, China's energy diplomacy
has been expanding rapidly and the country is searching for energy
resources worldwide. This movement has not only improved China's
energy security and international relations, but also enabled the
Chinese national oil companies (NOCs) to access new investment
markets and implement development strategies. The Chinese
government and the NOCs need each other's support to realise their
respective interests. The interaction between the government and
the NOCs will have a critical influence on China's energy
diplomacy. The Domestic Dynamics of China's Energy Diplomacy
explores the long-neglected domestic dynamics of China's energy
diplomacy, in particular the interaction of national and corporate
interests. It argues that the convergence of national and corporate
interests is the key momentum of China's energy diplomacy. It
observes that the government-NOC relationship has been evolving
with China's economic and enterprise reform. Finally, it tests the
empirical evidence of the domestic dynamics of China's energy
diplomacy against the three mainstream international political
economy theories, showing their merits and shortcomings in
explaining the phenomenon, before providing an alternative
conceptualisation of the movement.
This monograph aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the legal
protection of the private equity (PE) investors in China. In an
academic sense, this research mainly focuses on the agency problems
in the life cycle of PE investment under the business organization
law system in China. Briefly speaking, the agency problems of PE
investment derive from the two-level separation of ownership and
control, one of which is the principal-agent relationship between
the PE investors and the fund manager, and the other is the
principal-agent relationship between the PE shareholders and the
management of investee companies. It is the first research to
provide an in-depth examination on the investor protection in the
PE investment under the business organization law system in China.
This book examines how the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) has sought
to legitimise its counter-terrorism strategy in the eyes of its
domestic and international audiences. An important element of CCP
policy in Xinjiang has been the deployment of ordinary Chinese
citizens, or the 'mass line,' to create new realities on the
ground. This book explores how the history of ideological struggle
in the PRC has taken on new characteristics, as well as offering
insight into how the CCP has maintained legitimacy in the eyes of
its population, even as it pursues policies which are
internationally controversial, shedding light on the past and
future of the behaviour of the Chinese state, a subject of interest
to China scholars, scholars of the Belt and Road, and
counter-terrorism experts.
This book brings together scholars based in, or had previously been
based in a range of East and Southeast Asian countries, building on
their respective primary empirical data and first-hand experience
as academics and think tank researchers, in order to pluralise the
current debates about governance in transitional societies. In an
era of global democratic backsliding, this edited volume offers
less-explored local perspectives, to balance the Western-centrism
observed in area studies and the focus on former Soviet countries
in transit. What is the future of governance in Asia? This book, by
attempting to supply a diversity of answers, will interest
political scientists, economists, and journalists.
This book provides a series of systematic theoretical results and
numerical solution algorithms for dynamic optimization problems of
switched systems within infinite-dimensional inequality path
constraints. Dynamic optimization of path-constrained switched
systems is a challenging task due to the complexity from seeking
the best combinatorial optimization among the system input, switch
times and switching sequences. Meanwhile, to ensure safety and
guarantee product quality, path constraints are required to be
rigorously satisfied (i.e., at an infinite number of time points)
within a finite number of iterations. Several novel methodologies
are presented by using dynamic optimization and semi-infinite
programming techniques. The core advantages of our new approaches
lie in two folds: i) The system input, switch times and the
switching sequence can be optimized simultaneously. ii) The
proposed algorithms terminate within finite iterations while coming
with a certification of feasibility for the path constraints. In
this book, first, we provide brief surveys on dynamic optimization
of path-constrained systems and switched systems. For switched
systems with a fixed switching sequence, we propose a bi-level
algorithm, in which the input is optimized at the inner level, and
the switch times are updated at the outer level by using the
gradient information of the optimal value function calculated at
the optimal input. We then propose an efficient single-level
algorithm by optimizing the input and switch times simultaneously,
which greatly reduces the number of nonlinear programs and the
computational burden. For switched systems with free switching
sequences, we propose a solution framework for dynamic optimization
of path-constrained switched systems by employing the variant 2 of
generalized Benders decomposition technique. In this framework, we
adopt two different system formulations in the primal and master
problem construction and explicitly characterize the switching
sequences by introducing a binary variable. Finally, we propose a
multi-objective dynamic optimization algorithm for locating
approximated local Pareto solutions and quantitatively analyze the
approximation optimality of the obtained solutions. This book
provides a unified framework of dynamic optimization of
path-constrained switched systems. It can therefore serve as a
useful book for researchers and graduate students who are
interested in knowing the state of the art of dynamic optimization
of switched systems, as well as recent advances in path-constrained
optimization problems. It is a useful source of up-to-date
optimization methods and algorithms for researchers who study
switched systems and graduate students of control theory and
control engineering. In addition, it is also a useful source for
engineers who work in the control and optimization fields such as
robotics, chemical engineering and industrial processes.
This book explores the emergent concept of 'human security' within
the political context of COVID-19 Chinese politics. For decades,
Western nations have used 'human rights' as a rubric with which to
scold Chinese leaders, betraying a fundamental unwillingness to
accept diversity of governance systems. As COVID-19 has
demonstrated, different governance systems yield different
outcomes-the freedom of circulation, speech and movement in Western
democracies yielding one, and use of surveillance, lockdowns, and
private-public collaboration in China and Asian societies such as
Korea and Singapore yielding another. Chinese political scientists
have become fixated on the notion of 'human security,' a
utilitarian concept which insists on the importance of protecting
and extending human life via health care, technology, and a wide
range of other systems-sometimes, in ways which contradict Western
notions of human rights, even as they demonstrably achieve superior
outcomes for the humans involved. Being the first English language
book to explore these issues, this book aims to generate a
sustained theoretical relevance in the aftermath of the crisis
which is likely to have lasting effects on how people live and will
be of note for political scientists, China scholars, and
economists.
This book explores the emergent concept of 'human security' within
the political context of COVID-19 Chinese politics. For decades,
Western nations have used 'human rights' as a rubric with which to
scold Chinese leaders, betraying a fundamental unwillingness to
accept diversity of governance systems. As COVID-19 has
demonstrated, different governance systems yield different
outcomes-the freedom of circulation, speech and movement in Western
democracies yielding one, and use of surveillance, lockdowns, and
private-public collaboration in China and Asian societies such as
Korea and Singapore yielding another. Chinese political scientists
have become fixated on the notion of 'human security,' a
utilitarian concept which insists on the importance of protecting
and extending human life via health care, technology, and a wide
range of other systems-sometimes, in ways which contradict Western
notions of human rights, even as they demonstrably achieve superior
outcomes for the humans involved. Being the first English language
book to explore these issues, this book aims to generate a
sustained theoretical relevance in the aftermath of the crisis
which is likely to have lasting effects on how people live and will
be of note for political scientists, China scholars, and
economists.
In diesem Buch wird untersucht, wie die Kommunistische Partei
Chinas (KPCh) versucht hat, ihre Strategie zur
Terrorismusbekampfung in den Augen ihrer nationalen und
internationalen OEffentlichkeit zu legitimieren. Ein wichtiges
Element der KPCh-Politik in Xinjiang war der Einsatz gewoehnlicher
chinesischer Burger oder die "Massenlinie", um neue Realitaten vor
Ort zu schaffen. Dieses Buch untersucht, wie die Geschichte des
ideologischen Kampfes in der Volksrepublik China neue Zuge
angenommen hat, und bietet Einblicke in die Art und Weise, wie die
KPCh ihre Legitimitat in den Augen der Bevoelkerung
aufrechterhalten hat, selbst wenn sie eine international
umstrittene Politik verfolgt, und wirft ein Licht auf die
Vergangenheit und die Zukunft des Verhaltens des chinesischen
Staates, ein Thema, das fur China-Wissenschaftler, Wissenschaftler
des Gurtels und der Strasse sowie Experten fur
Terrorismusbekampfung von Interesse ist.
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