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Frequently characterized as either mercenaries in modern guise or
the market's response to a security vacuum, private military
companies are commercial firms offering military services ranging
from combat and military training and advice to logistical support,
and which play an increasingly important role in armed conflicts,
UN peace operations, and providing security in unstable states.
Executive Outcomes turned around an orphaned conflict in Sierra
Leone in the mid-1990s; Military Professional Resources
Incorporated (MPRI) was instrumental in shifting the balance of
power in the Balkans, enabling the Croatian military to defeat Serb
forces and clear the way for the Dayton negotiations; in Iraq,
estimates of the number of private contractors on the ground are in
the tens of thousands. As they assume more responsibilities in
conflict and post-conflict settings, their growing significance
raises fundamental questions about their nature, their role in
different regions and contexts, and their regulation. This volume
examines these issues with a focus on governance, in particular the
interaction between regulation and market forces. It analyzes the
current legal framework and the needs and possibilities for
regulation in the years ahead. The book as a whole is organized
around four sets of questions, which are reflected in the four
parts of the book. First, why and how is regulation of PMCs now a
challenging issue? Secondly, how have problems leading to a call
for regulation manifested in different regions and contexts? Third,
what regulatory norms and institutions currently exist and how
effective are they? And, fourth, what role has the market to play
in regulation?
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