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International news has long been studied and understood as produced
by outsiders – foreign correspondents working in exotic,
international locales. This book challenges this established view
by putting the spotlight on the insiders working in their own
countries producing news for international audiences. Western male
foreign correspondents who report from areas affected by crises and
conflicts for an ‘audience back home’ have long stood in as
visible metaphors of international news production. But the
understanding of who produces international news is starting to
shift as scholars come to take into account the often-invisible
role played by locally based, non-Western news-workers who have
always been part and parcel of international news production. The
roles and responsibilities of these professional, specialised
locals within the global flow of news have only increased as
falling news industry revenues have meant reductions in non-local
staff in foreign news bureaus. Available research shows that the
involvement of local journalists and fixers, as well as NGOs, as
sources of news and information in international news production is
marked by economic, socio-cultural and practice-related tensions.
To shed light on these growing yet relatively less investigated
changes happening in international news-making, this book brings
together the latest of studies conducted on this form of
journalistic labour around the world. This book will contribute to
both the breadth and depth of our future understanding of local
news-work that benefits distant audiences, and also help cement the
place of such journalistic work as a vital topic of analysis in its
own right. The chapters in this book were originally published as a
special issue of Journalism Studies.
Africa's Media Image in the 21st Century is the first book in over
twenty years to examine the international media's coverage of
sub-Saharan Africa. It brings together leading researchers and
prominent journalists to explore representation of the continent,
and the production of that image, especially by international news
media. The book highlights factors that have transformed the global
media system, changing whose perspectives are told and the forms of
media that empower new voices. Case studies consider questions such
as: how has new media changed whose views are represented? Does
Chinese or diaspora media offer alternative perspectives for
viewing the continent? How do foreign correspondents interact with
their audiences in a social media age? What is the contemporary
role of charity groups and PR firms in shaping news content? They
also examine how recent high profile events and issues been covered
by the international media, from the Ebola crisis, and Boko Haram
to debates surrounding the "Africa Rising" narrative and
neo-imperialism. The book makes a substantial contribution by
moving the academic discussion beyond the traditional critiques of
journalistic stereotyping, Afro-pessimism, and 'darkest Africa'
news coverage. It explores the news outlets, international power
dynamics, and technologies that shape and reshape the contemporary
image of Africa and Africans in journalism and global culture.
For over half a century, a small set of London-based companies have
either created or globally distributed most of the iconic
television images of international events. These journalists play a
leading role in shaping how we understand the world, yet there has
been little study of them and their practices. This book attempts
to rectify this gap by providing the first comprehensive study of
how television news agencies work, and describing a system of news
production which has shaped our shared visual history since the
1950s. Spanning over twenty years of data gathering, document
analysis, video content analysis, news production ethnography, and
interviews, the book discusses their crucial role as agents of
globalization, how they manufacture our image of the world, and
their dangerous work providing images of conflict. The book is a
tribute to this small and largely unknown tribe of journalists, but
is also a warning that the public might better understand the power
and potential harm of the system in which they operate.
By analyzing the daily work of online journalists, this book
investigates the production of online news: how it differs from
traditional media production, and its consequences for the
character and quality of online news. It advocates revitalization
of the ethnographic methodologies of sociologists who entered
newsrooms in the 1970s and 1980s, while simultaneously exploring
new theoretical frameworks to better understand the evolution of
online journalism and how newsrooms deal with innovation and
change. This collection fills a gap in the field by offering
ethnographic descriptions from sites of online news production in
many countries, and provides insider perspectives on the real
practices and values of new media production, documenting how these
often differ from the claims of both producers and theorists.
Online journalism has taken center stage in debates about the
future of news. Instead of speculating, this volume offers rich
empirical evidence about actual developments in online newsrooms.
The authors use ethnographic methodologies to provide a vivid,
close analysis of processes like newsroom integration, the
transition of newspaper and radio journalists to digital multimedia
production, the management of user-generated content, the coverage
of electoral campaigns, the pressure of marketing logics, the
relationship with bloggers or the redefinition of news genres. This
second volume of Making Online News presents twelve all-new case
studies of newsrooms around the world, including the United States
of America, United Kingdom, Belgium, Denmark, Norway, Zimbabwe and
Malaysia.
International news has long been studied and understood as produced
by outsiders - foreign correspondents working in exotic,
international locales. This book challenges this established view
by putting the spotlight on the insiders working in their own
countries producing news for international audiences. Western male
foreign correspondents who report from areas affected by crises and
conflicts for an 'audience back home' have long stood in as visible
metaphors of international news production. But the understanding
of who produces international news is starting to shift as scholars
come to take into account the often-invisible role played by
locally based, non-Western news-workers who have always been part
and parcel of international news production. The roles and
responsibilities of these professional, specialised locals within
the global flow of news have only increased as falling news
industry revenues have meant reductions in non-local staff in
foreign news bureaus. Available research shows that the involvement
of local journalists and fixers, as well as NGOs, as sources of
news and information in international news production is marked by
economic, socio-cultural and practice-related tensions. To shed
light on these growing yet relatively less investigated changes
happening in international news-making, this book brings together
the latest of studies conducted on this form of journalistic labour
around the world. This book will contribute to both the breadth and
depth of our future understanding of local news-work that benefits
distant audiences, and also help cement the place of such
journalistic work as a vital topic of analysis in its own right.
The chapters in this book were originally published as a special
issue of Journalism Studies.
Through innovative research studies and expert commentaries, this
book documents the fast evolving invention of the relationship
between the millions of social media and mobile phone users around
Africa and traditional purveyors of news. Whilst social media
demonstrates an unprecedented ability for the politically engaged
to both bypass and influence traditional information flows, it also
faces unique circumstances through much of Africa. Signs of social
change brought by mobile technology are evident around the
continent, raising questions about the nature of information
exchange and citizenship. Working from a wide variety of
perspectives and methodologies, the contributors to this collection
address key questions emerging from rapid communication change in
Africa. This book reveals how new, participatory, interactive
communications technologies are enabling new tellings of Africa's
stories. This book was originally published as a special issue of
Ecquid Novi: African Journalism Studies.
Africa's Media Image in the 21st Century is the first book in over
twenty years to examine the international media's coverage of
sub-Saharan Africa. It brings together leading researchers and
prominent journalists to explore representation of the continent,
and the production of that image, especially by international news
media. The book highlights factors that have transformed the global
media system, changing whose perspectives are told and the forms of
media that empower new voices. Case studies consider questions such
as: how has new media changed whose views are represented? Does
Chinese or diaspora media offer alternative perspectives for
viewing the continent? How do foreign correspondents interact with
their audiences in a social media age? What is the contemporary
role of charity groups and PR firms in shaping news content? They
also examine how recent high profile events and issues been covered
by the international media, from the Ebola crisis, and Boko Haram
to debates surrounding the "Africa Rising" narrative and
neo-imperialism. The book makes a substantial contribution by
moving the academic discussion beyond the traditional critiques of
journalistic stereotyping, Afro-pessimism, and 'darkest Africa'
news coverage. It explores the news outlets, international power
dynamics, and technologies that shape and reshape the contemporary
image of Africa and Africans in journalism and global culture.
This anthology explores challenges to understanding the nature of
cultural production, exploring innovative new research approaches
and improvements to old approaches, such as newsroom ethnography,
which will enable clearer, fuller understanding of the workings of
journalism and other forms of media and cultural production.
Through innovative research studies and expert commentaries, this
book documents the fast evolving invention of the relationship
between the millions of social media and mobile phone users around
Africa and traditional purveyors of news. Whilst social media
demonstrates an unprecedented ability for the politically engaged
to both bypass and influence traditional information flows, it also
faces unique circumstances through much of Africa. Signs of social
change brought by mobile technology are evident around the
continent, raising questions about the nature of information
exchange and citizenship. Working from a wide variety of
perspectives and methodologies, the contributors to this collection
address key questions emerging from rapid communication change in
Africa. This book reveals how new, participatory, interactive
communications technologies are enabling new tellings of Africa's
stories. This book was originally published as a special issue of
Ecquid Novi: African Journalism Studies.
War Reporters Under Threat describes the threat of violence facing
war reporters from the United States government and some of its
closest allies. Chris Paterson argues that what should have been
the lesson for the press following the invasion of Iraq - that they
will be treated instrumentally by the US government - has been
mostly ignored. As a result, even nominally democratic states
cannot be counted upon to protect journalists in conflict, and
urgent reform of legal protections for journalists is required. War
Reporters Under Threat combines critical scholarship with original
investigation to assess the impact of the US government's obsession
with information control and protection of its own troops. While
the press-military relationship has been well researched, this book
is the first to elaborate the US government threat to journalists.
War Reporters Under Threat describes the threat of violence facing
war reporters from the United States government and some of its
closest allies. Chris Paterson argues that what should have been
the lesson for the press following the invasion of Iraq - that they
will be treated instrumentally by the US government - has been
mostly ignored. As a result, even nominally democratic states
cannot be counted upon to protect journalists in conflict, and
urgent reform of legal protections for journalists is required. War
Reporters Under Threat combines critical scholarship with original
investigation to assess the impact of the US government's obsession
with information control and protection of its own troops. While
the press-military relationship has been well researched, this book
is the first to elaborate the US government threat to journalists.
For over half a century, a small set of London-based companies have
either created or globally distributed most of the iconic
television images of international events. These journalists play a
leading role in shaping how we understand the world, yet there has
been little study of them and their practices. This book attempts
to rectify this gap by providing the first comprehensive study of
how television news agencies work, and describing a system of news
production which has shaped our shared visual history since the
1950s. Spanning over twenty years of data gathering, document
analysis, video content analysis, news production ethnography, and
interviews, the book discusses their crucial role as agents of
globalization, how they manufacture our image of the world, and
their dangerous work providing images of conflict. The book is a
tribute to this small and largely unknown tribe of journalists, but
is also a warning that the public might better understand the power
and potential harm of the system in which they operate.
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