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Fluid mechanical aspects of separated and vortical flow in aircraft
wing aerodynamics are treated. The focus is on two wing classes:
(1) large aspect-ratio wings and (2) small aspect-ratio delta-type
wings. Aerodynamic design issues in general are not dealt with.
Discrete numerical simulation methods play a progressively larger
role in aircraft design and development. Accordingly, in the
introduction to the book the different mathematical models are
considered, which underlie the aerodynamic computation methods
(panel methods, RANS and scale-resolving methods). Special methods
are the Euler methods, which as rather inexpensive methods embrace
compressibility effects and also permit to describe lifting-wing
flow. The concept of the kinematically active and inactive
vorticity content of shear layers gives insight into many flow
phenomena, but also, with the second break of symmetry---the first
one is due to the Kutta condition---an explanation of lifting-wing
flow fields. The prerequisite is an extended definition of
separation: "flow-off separation" at sharp trailing edges of class
(1) wings and at sharp leading edges of class (2) wings. The
vorticity-content concept, with a compatibility condition for
flow-off separation at sharp edges, permits to understand the
properties of the evolving trailing vortex layer and the resulting
pair of trailing vortices of class (1) wings. The concept also
shows that Euler methods at sharp delta or strake leading edges of
class (2) wings can give reliable results. Three main topics are
treated: 1) Basic Principles are considered first: boundary-layer
flow, vortex theory, the vorticity content of shear layers, Euler
solutions for lifting wings, the Kutta condition in reality and the
topology of skin-friction and velocity fields. 2) Unit Problems
treat isolated flow phenomena of the two wing classes. Capabilities
of panel and Euler methods are investigated. One Unit Problem is
the flow past the wing of the NASA Common Research Model. Other
Unit Problems concern the lee-side vortex system appearing at the
Vortex-Flow Experiment 1 and 2 sharp- and blunt-edged delta
configurations, at a delta wing with partly round leading edges,
and also at the Blunt Delta Wing at hypersonic speed. 3) Selected
Flow Problems of the two wing classes. In short sections practical
design problems are discussed. The treatment of flow past
fuselages, although desirable, was not possible in the frame of
this book.
This book presents contributions to the 19th biannual symposium of
the German Aerospace Aerodynamics Association (STAB) and the German
Society for Aeronautics and Astronautics (DGLR). The individual
chapters reflect ongoing research conducted by the STAB members in
the field of numerical and experimental fluid mechanics and
aerodynamics, mainly for (but not limited to) aerospace
applications, and cover both nationally and EC-funded projects.
Special emphasis is given to collaborative research projects
conducted by German scientists and engineers from universities,
research-establishments and industries. By addressing a number of
cutting-edge applications, together with the relevant physical and
mathematics fundamentals, the book provides readers with a
comprehensive overview of the current research work in the field.
Though the book's primary emphasis is on the aerospace context, it
also addresses further important applications, e.g. in ground
transportation and energy.
This book presents contributions to the 19th biannual symposium of
the German Aerospace Aerodynamics Association (STAB) and the German
Society for Aeronautics and Astronautics (DGLR). The individual
chapters reflect ongoing research conducted by the STAB members in
the field of numerical and experimental fluid mechanics and
aerodynamics, mainly for (but not limited to) aerospace
applications, and cover both nationally and EC-funded projects.
Special emphasis is given to collaborative research projects
conducted by German scientists and engineers from universities,
research-establishments and industries. By addressing a number of
cutting-edge applications, together with the relevant physical and
mathematics fundamentals, the book provides readers with a
comprehensive overview of the current research work in the field.
Though the book's primary emphasis is on the aerospace context, it
also addresses further important applications, e.g. in ground
transportation and energy.
This volume contains twenty contributions of work, conducted since
1996 in the French- German Research Programme "Numerical Flow
Simulation" of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
(CNRS) and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG). The main
purpose of this publication is to give an overview over the work
conducted in this programme, and to make the results obtained
available to the pUblic. The reports are grouped under the four
headings "Development of Solution Techniques", "Crystal Growth and
Melts", "Flows of Reacting Gases" and "Turbulent Flows". AIl
contributions to this publica- tion were reviewed by a board
consisting of T. Alziary de Roquefort (Poitiers, France), P.
Bontoux (Marseille, France), JA Desideri (Sophia-Antipolis,
France), W. Kordulla (G6t- tingen, Germany), R. Peyret (Nice,
France), R. Rannacher (Heidelberg, Germany), G. War- necke
(Magdeburg, ,Germany), and the editor. The responsibility for the
contents of the reports nevertheless lies with the authors. E. H.
Hirschel Editor Preface The Colloquium on "Numerical Simulation of
Flows", Marseille, November 21 and 22, th 1997, was the 6 Joint
CNRS-DFG Colloquium organized in the frame of the French- German
Research Collaboration on Computational Fluid Dynamics. This
Collaborative Program was elaborated progressively since 1991, when
the two major research groups were brought together: the Priority
Program "Flow Simulation with Super Computers" from the DFG in
Germany and the Groupement de Recherche de "Mecanique des Fluides
NumCrique" (GDR MFN) from the CNRS in France.
This volume contains the paper presented at the 13th DGLRlST AB-
Symposium held at the Technische Universitat Miinchen, November 12
to 14, 2002. STAB is the German Aerospace Aerodynamics Association,
founded towards the end of the 70's, whereas DGLR is the German
Society for Aeronautics and Astronautics (Deutsche Gesellschaft fUr
Luft- und Raumfahrt - Lilienthal Oberth e.V.). The mission of STAB
is to foster development and acceptance of the dis- cipline
"Aerodynamics" in Germany. One of its general guidelines is to
concentrate resources and know-how in the involved institutions and
to avoid duplication in research work as much as possible.
Nowadays, this is more necessary than ever. The experience made in
the past makes it easier now, to obtain new knowledge for solving
today's and tomorrow's prob- lems. STAB unites German scientists
and engineers from universities, research- establishments and
industry doing research and project work in numerical and
experimental fluid mechanics and aerodynamics for aerospace and
other applications. This has always been the basis of numerous
common research activities sponsored by different funding agencies.
This volume contains the paper presented at the 13th DGLRlST AB-
Symposium held at the Technische Universitat Miinchen, November 12
to 14, 2002. STAB is the German Aerospace Aerodynamics Association,
founded towards the end of the 70's, whereas DGLR is the German
Society for Aeronautics and Astronautics (Deutsche Gesellschaft fUr
Luft- und Raumfahrt - Lilienthal Oberth e.V.). The mission of STAB
is to foster development and acceptance of the dis- cipline
"Aerodynamics" in Germany. One of its general guidelines is to
concentrate resources and know-how in the involved institutions and
to avoid duplication in research work as much as possible.
Nowadays, this is more necessary than ever. The experience made in
the past makes it easier now, to obtain new knowledge for solving
today's and tomorrow's prob- lems. STAB unites German scientists
and engineers from universities, research- establishments and
industry doing research and project work in numerical and
experimental fluid mechanics and aerodynamics for aerospace and
other applications. This has always been the basis of numerous
common research activities sponsored by different funding agencies.
This volume contains twenty contributions of work, conducted since
1996 in the French- German Research Programme "Numerical Flow
Simulation" of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
(CNRS) and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG). The main
purpose of this publication is to give an overview over the work
conducted in this programme, and to make the results obtained
available to the pUblic. The reports are grouped under the four
headings "Development of Solution Techniques", "Crystal Growth and
Melts", "Flows of Reacting Gases" and "Turbulent Flows". AIl
contributions to this publica- tion were reviewed by a board
consisting of T. Alziary de Roquefort (Poitiers, France), P.
Bontoux (Marseille, France), JA Desideri (Sophia-Antipolis,
France), W. Kordulla (G6t- tingen, Germany), R. Peyret (Nice,
France), R. Rannacher (Heidelberg, Germany), G. War- necke
(Magdeburg, ,Germany), and the editor. The responsibility for the
contents of the reports nevertheless lies with the authors. E. H.
Hirschel Editor Preface The Colloquium on "Numerical Simulation of
Flows", Marseille, November 21 and 22, th 1997, was the 6 Joint
CNRS-DFG Colloquium organized in the frame of the French- German
Research Collaboration on Computational Fluid Dynamics. This
Collaborative Program was elaborated progressively since 1991, when
the two major research groups were brought together: the Priority
Program "Flow Simulation with Super Computers" from the DFG in
Germany and the Groupement de Recherche de "Mecanique des Fluides
NumCrique" (GDR MFN) from the CNRS in France.
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