|
Showing 1 - 2 of
2 matches in All Departments
This report focuses on the policies of electricity provision for
irrigation and the cost of groundwater-based irrigation. The
empirical ndings indicate that electricity regulation is unlikely
to ful l the expectations of an allocation-e cient tari structure
in the given political situation, leading to regulatory capture.
The report's chronological approach reveals development paths that
are also present in the current action situations. The ndings
suggest that the involved properties of transactions inherent in
the choices available to each actor are constitutive for
understanding the unfolding of each potential and the realised
development path. The economic conditions of dry-land agriculture
and the costs of food provision render a shift towards a cost-based
tari setting unlikely. The analysis at the level of electricity
distribution and agricultural production systems indicates that
although marginal costs of electricity supply are inexistent, the
costs for the consequences of poor infrastructure incur heavy
burdens on agricultural enterprises. The costs of electricity would
exceed those for each of the other input factors of production. The
absence of marginal costs has led to highly ine cient groundwater
irrigation. Fortunately, incentives in agriculture for higher power
quality are given, resulting from the high costs of pump set
burnouts through voltage uctuations. This incentive can be combined
with energy e ciency measures. E ective measures are most feasible
at the level of the electricity sub-station, isolating an
agricultural electricity feeder and the connected distribution
transformers.
Currently 23 cities exceed the 10 million inhabitants' threshold.
The number of world's megacities is expected to grow to 39 in 2025
with 32 of these in emerging economies. While today cities cater
for over half of the world's population, they are facing ever
increasing environmental problems. Whether or not an emerging
megacity will be able to cope with expected climate change impacts
and increased scarcity of natural or man-made resources depends on
its capacity to change human behaviour in different areas of what a
city constitutes. On-going research on various responses to
anticipated climate change impacts on the emerging megacities aims
to generate knowledge for an effective and feasible transition
towards sustainable development. Where different disciplines and
approaches seem to overwhelmingly agree is that mitigation and
adaptation measures are urgently needed. This implies not only
identifying available technological options but also exploring
institutions - defined as "sets of rules" and governance
structures, i.e. those "modes of organization" that are necessary
to put rules into practice. Thus, in order to arrive at feasible
mitigation and adaptation measures, technical solutions and social
construction need to be combined. This Emerging megacities series
presents findings of current inter- and trans- disciplinary
research on different topics concerning the sustainable growth of
these rapidly expanding cities.
|
You may like...
Tenet
John David Washington, Robert Pattinson
Blu-ray disc
(1)
R54
Discovery Miles 540
|
Email address subscribed successfully.
A activation email has been sent to you.
Please click the link in that email to activate your subscription.