One way scientists are working to overcome challenges in cancer treatment and improve cancer care is through nanotechnology. Nanotechnology, engineered materials that make use of the unique physical properties, presents a new array of medical prospects that will revolutionize cancer prevention, diagnosis, and treatment practices. Giving new hope to patients, practitioners, and researchers alike, nanotechnology has the potential to translate recent discoveries in cancer biology into clinical advances in oncology. While public investments in nanotechnology for cancer continue to increase, medical products based on nanotechnology are already on the market. The National Cancer Policy forum held a workshop July 12-13, 2010, to explore challenges in the use of nanotechnology in oncology. Nanotechnology and Oncology evaluates the ongoing discussion on the role of nanotechnology in cancer as it relates to risk management, treatment, and regulatory policy. Assessments on nanomedicine and the physical properties of nanomaterials were presented during the workshop, along with an appraisal of the current status of research and development efforts. Table of Contents Front Matter 1 Introduction 2 Uses of Nanotechnology in Oncology and Cancer Research 3 Research and Development of New Cancer Nanomedicines - Challenges and Solutions 4 Risks Associated with Nanotechnology 5 Standards and Regulation 6 Nanotechnology and the Public 7 Additional Challenges 8 Concluding Remarks References Acronyms Glossary A Agenda B Speaker and Planning Committee Biographies

The NCI-sponsored cooperative groups have made important contributions to improving treatment for many types of cancer, including breast, ovarian, colorectal, and childhood cancers. Cooperative group research has been instrumental in establishing innovative treatments that improve outcomes and quality of life. Despite these successes, the Cooperative Group Program has faced a number of challenges that threaten its effectiveness. To address this problem, the National Cancer Policy Forum (NCPF) convened a workshop titled "Multi-Center Phase III Clinical Trials and NCI Cooperative Groups" in Washington, DC, on July 1-2, 2008. The purpose of the workshop was to outline the challenges that the public clinical cancer research enterprise faces, and to identify possible solutions to these challenges. Table of Contents Front Matter Introduction Session 1A: Organization of the NCI Clinical Trials System Session 1B: Lessons from Non-Cooperative Group Multi-Center Clinical Trials Session 2: Barriers to Patient Recruitment and Physician Participation Session 3: Data Collection Standards and Monitoring Session 4: Costs of Cooperative Group Clinical Trials Summary and Wrap-Up References Abbreviations and Acronyms Glossary Appendix A: Workshop Agenda Appendix B: Workshop Speakers Appendix C: Letter from John Niederhuber, Director of the National Cancer Institute, to Members of the National Cancer Policy Forum