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Die Mehrzahl der Beiträge des vorliegenden Bandes geht auf
Vorträge und Diskussionen des General Meeting der Studiorum Novi
Testamenti Societas/Society for New Testament Studies 2019 in
Marburg zurück, die für die Publikation weiter ausgearbeitet
wurden. Sie wurden durch Beiträge namhafter internationaler
Neutestamentlerinnen und Neutestamentler ergänzt. Im ersten Teil
werden die Geschichte und die gegenwärtige Bedeutung der
Entmythologisierung und der existentialen Interpretation neu
beleuchtet. Im zweiten Teil werden die exegetischen Beiträge
Bultmanns zu den synoptischen Evangelien, Paulus und Johannes
rekonstruiert und auf ihre gegenwärtige Bedeutung befragt. Im
Ergebnis wird deutlich, dass der Ausgangspunkt und das Ziel der
theologischen Exegese Bultmanns bis heute eine Herausforderung und
wesentliche Anregung für die Exegese der Gegenwart darstellen.
Ferdinand Christian Baur (1792-1860) has been described as "the
greatest and at the same time the most controversial theologian in
German Protestant theology since Schleiermacher." The controversy
was epitomized by a nineteenth-century British critic who wrote
that his theory "makes of Christianity a thing of purely natural
origin, calls in question the authenticity of all but a few of the
New Testament books, and makes the whole collection contain not a
harmonious system of divine truth, but a confused mass of merely
human and contradictory opinions as to the nature of the Christian
religion." The contributors to this volume, however, regard Baur as
an epoch-making New Testament scholar whose methods and
conclusions, though superseded, have been mostly affirmed during
the century and a half since his death. This collection focuses on
the history of early Christianity, although as a historian of the
church and theology Baur covered the entire field up to own time.
He combined the most exacting historical research with a
theological interpretation of history influenced by Kant,
Schelling, and Hegel. The first three chapters discuss Baur's
relation to Strauss, Moehler, and Hegel. Then a central core of
chapters considers his historical and exegetical perspectives
(Judaism and Hellenism, Gnosticism, New Testament introduction and
theology, the Pauline epistles, the Synoptic Gospels, John, the
critique of miracle, and the combination of absoluteness and
relativity). The final chapters view his influence by analyzing the
reception of Baur in Britain, Baur and Harnack, and Baur and
practical theology. This work offers a multi-faceted picture of his
thinking, which will stimulate contemporary discussion.
One Scripture or Many? proposes a novel understanding of canon that
reaches beyond the text to the reality of tradition. This new
approach to biblical theology takes up major questions concerning
the unity of the canon. Its thesis is bold: canon is both text and
tradition. As text, the canon is the product of a history of
formation; its unity is ascribed by subsequent generations
interpreting the text. As tradition, its fundamental openness to
diverse interpretations is the function of a subject behind the
text that holds together the tradition's unity. Yet open-endedness
does not mean an absence of determinacy. Hermeneutical,
theological, and philosophical parameters are given in order to
maintain a unity at one level that does not exist between ideas
conflicting on another level. These parameters are constituted
through the relationship between text, reality, and experience. On
the one hand, these parameters are embedded in the text. On the
other hand, they are inextricably linked to reality because they
themselves reflect experiences of that reality. The
interdisciplinary approach in this book draws on scholarship in the
Hebrew Bible, the Dead Sea Scrolls, the New Testament, philosophy,
and theology. Both Jewish and Christian scholars conclude that the
search for the canon is an open-ended process of interpretation.
Questions of the canon's unity find their niche in a new concept of
biblical theology that presupposes the theological and
philosophical relevance of biblical texts. As conceived in
religious categories, experience and reality are themes already
available in scripture. Whether one or many, scripture addresses
these questions for our time.
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