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A much-maligned feature of ancient and medieval political thought
is its tendency to appeal to nature to establish norms for human
communities. From Aristotle's claim that humans are "political
animals" to Aquinas' invocation of "natural law," it may seem that
pre-modern philosophers were all too ready to assume that whatever
is natural is good, and that just political arrangements must
somehow be natural. The papers in this collection show that this
assumption is, at best, too crude. From very early, for instance in
the ancient sophists' contrast between nomos and physis, there was
recognition that political arrangements may be precisely
artificial, not natural, and it may be questioned whether even such
supposed naturalists as Aristotle in fact adopt the quick inference
from "natural" to "good." The papers in this volume trace the
complex interrelations between nature and such concepts as law,
legitimacy, and justice, covering a wide historical range
stretching from Plato and the Sophists to Aristotle, Hellenistic
philosophy, Cicero, the Neoplatonists Plotinus and Porphyry,
ancient Christian thinkers, and philosophers of both the Islamic
and Christian Middle Ages.
A much-maligned feature of ancient and medieval political thought
is its tendency to appeal to nature to establish norms for human
communities. From Aristotle's claim that humans are "political
animals" to Aquinas' invocation of "natural law," it may seem that
pre-modern philosophers were all too ready to assume that whatever
is natural is good, and that just political arrangements must
somehow be natural. The papers in this collection show that this
assumption is, at best, too crude. From very early, for instance in
the ancient sophists' contrast between nomos and physis, there was
recognition that political arrangements may be precisely
artificial, not natural, and it may be questioned whether even such
supposed naturalists as Aristotle in fact adopt the quick inference
from "natural" to "good." The papers in this volume trace the
complex interrelations between nature and such concepts as law,
legitimacy, and justice, covering a wide historical range
stretching from Plato and the Sophists to Aristotle, Hellenistic
philosophy, Cicero, the Neoplatonists Plotinus and Porphyry,
ancient Christian thinkers, and philosophers of both the Islamic
and Christian Middle Ages.
Aristotelian philosophy played an important part in the history of
19th century philosophy and science but has been largely neglected
by researchers. A key element in the newly emerging historiography
of ancient philosophy, Aristotelian philosophy served at the same
time as a corrective guide in a wide range of projects in
philosophy. This volume examines both aspects of this reception
history.
The book contains a new critical edition of the Greek text of
Aristotle's De Motu Animalium and an English translation of the new
text by Benjamin Morison, preceded by an introduction by Christof
Rapp and Oliver Primavesi. The introduction comes in two parts: (i)
a philosophical introduction by Christof Rapp that aims at drawing
a kind of balance of more than three decades of scholarly debate on
our treatise and related issues since the publication of Martha
Nussbaum's edition and commentary in 1978; (ii) a textual
introduction by Oliver Primavesi that sums up the history of
textual research on the transmission of De Motu Animalium up to and
including the discovery of a new branch of transmission.
Translations play a decisive role as the basis and trigger for more
complex transformations a " both in the construction of science and
for literature. In the fine arts and archaeology, it is a question
of enquiring into forms of a ~translationa (TM) which bear
resemblances to the functioning of textual translations although
they are not based on the transmission of text.
Zu den grossen Editionsunternehmungen, die der Akademie Verlag
bereits in den 1950er Jahren auf den Weg gebracht hat, gehoert die
Deutsche Aristoteles-Gesamtausgabe, bestehend aus UEbersetzung und
Erlauterungen mit ausfuhrlichem, am neuesten Stand der Forschung
orientierten Kommentaren, begrundet von Ernst Grumach, damals
Professor an der Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin. Die nach seinem
Tode (1967) von Hellmut Flashar weitergefuhrte Ausgabe ist, nachdem
die ersten Bande 1956-1958 erschienen waren, uber alle z.T.
widrigen Zeitumstande hinweg dank der Mitarbeit fuhrender
Aristotelesforscher stetig gewachsen und hat sich mit bisher 30
erschienenen Banden eine hohe internationale Anerkennung erworben.
Obwohl die Ausgabe noch nicht abgeschlossen ist, kann sie schon
jetzt als Spiegelbild des Logik, Ethik, Metaphysik, AEsthetik und
Biologie umfassenden, wahrhaft enzyklopadischen Werkes angesehen
werden, mit dem Aristoteles wie kein anderer Philosoph nicht nur
abendlandisches Denken gepragt, sondern auch in der judischen,
arabischen und islamischen Tradition starke Spuren hinterlassen
hat.
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