Probabilistic databases are databases where the value of some attributes or the presence of some records are uncertain and known only with some probability. Applications in many areas such as information extraction, RFID and scientific data management, data cleaning, data integration, and financial risk assessment produce large volumes of uncertain data, which are best modeled and processed by a probabilistic database. This book presents the state of the art in representation formalisms and query processing techniques for probabilistic data. It starts by discussing the basic principles for representing large probabilistic databases, by decomposing them into tuple-independent tables, block-independent-disjoint tables, or U-databases. Then it discusses two classes of techniques for query evaluation on probabilistic databases. In extensional query evaluation, the entire probabilistic inference can be pushed into the database engine and, therefore, processed as effectively as the evaluation of standard SQL queries. The relational queries that can be evaluated this way are called safe queries. In intensional query evaluation, the probabilistic inference is performed over a propositional formula called lineage expression: every relational query can be evaluated this way, but the data complexity dramatically depends on the query being evaluated, and can be #P-hard. The book also discusses some advanced topics in probabilistic data management such as top-k query processing, sequential probabilistic databases, indexing and materialized views, and Monte Carlo databases. Table of Contents: Overview / Data and Query Model / The Query Evaluation Problem / Extensional Query Evaluation / Intensional Query Evaluation / Advanced Techniques

The10thInternationalSymposiumonDatabaseProgrammingLanguages,DBPL 2005, was held in Trondheim, Norway in August 2005. DBPL 2005 was one of 11 meetings to be co-located with VLDB (the International Conference on Very Large Data Bases). DBPLcontinuesto presentthe verybest workat the intersectionofdatabase andprogramminglanguageresearch. DBPL2005accepted17papersout ofa- talof 63submissions;anacceptancerateof27%. Everysubmissionwasreviewed by at least three members of the program committee. In addition, the program committeesoughtthe opinionsof51additionalreferees,selectedbecauseoftheir expertise on particular topics. The ?nal selection of papers was made during the last week of June. All authors of accepted papers submitted corrected versions, which werecollected in aninformalproceedings anddistributed to the attendees of DBPL 2005. As is traditional for DBPL, this volume was produced after the meeting and authors were able to make improvements to their papers following discussions and feedback at the meeting. The invited lecture at DBPL 2005 was given by Giuseppe Castagna en- tled "Patterns and Types for Querying XML Documents"; an extended version of the lecture appears in this volume. Given the topic of this invited lecture, we invited all attendees of the Third International XML Database Symposium (XSym 2005), also co-located with VLDB, to attend. Continuing this colla- ration, we organized with the co-chairs of XSym 2005 a shared panel session to close both meetings. The invited panel discussed "Whither XML, c. 2005?" and consisted of experts on various aspects of XML: Gavin Bierman (Microsoft Research), Peter Buneman (University of Edinburgh), Dana Florescu (Oracle), H. V.

The writings of Sulzer and Koch represent a significant confluence of philosophical and musical thought from the German Enlightenment. Koch creatively adapted many of Sulzer's abstract philosophical ideas to concrete questions of musical pedagogy, showing how they could be usefully applied to the teaching and analysis of musical composition. This collaborative study and translation of the texts will be of interest to all historians of music, music theory, and historians of eighteenth-century German aesthetic thought.

The notion that God, Yahweh, concluded a "Covenant" or "Contract" with his people of Israel plays a prominent part in the Old Testament. Numerous correspondences between the texts of Ancient Oriental contracts and the Book of Deuteronomy suggest that political treaties served as model for the theology of the biblical covenant. Using extant source material, the present study attempts to trace the complicated path into the Old Testament taken by an instrument used for the exercise of power in the Ancient Orient.

Can an abstract theory of Empfindsamkeit aesthetics have any value to a musician wishing to study composition in the classical style? The eighteenth-century German theorist and pedagogue Heinrich Koch showed how this question could be answered with a resounding yes. Starting with the systematic aesthetic theory of the Swiss encyclopedist Johann Sulzer, Koch was creatively able to adapt Sulzer's conservative ideas on ethical mimesis and rhetoric to concrete problems of music analysis and composition. In this collaborative study, Thomas Christensen and Nancy Baker have translated and analysed selected writings of Sulzer and Koch respectively, bringing to life a little-known confluence of philosophical and musical thought from the German Enlightenment. Koch's appropriation of Sulzer's ideas to the service of music represents an important development in the evolution of Western musical thought.

Der Sammelband behandelt die rechtliche und historische Bedeutung des Potsdamer Abkommens, das festlegt, wie die Alliierten ihre durch Debellation des Dritten Reiches erworbene oberste Regierungsgewalt uber Deutschland wahrzunehmen gedachten. Die Intention war die Schaffung eines demokratischen Deutschland, von dem hinfort keine Gefahr fur den Weltfrieden ausgehen sollte. Zu den Hindernissen ihrer Verwirklichung gehoert der Ausbruch des Kalten Kriegs, der das brisante Patt von Ost und West erzeugte, das Europa eine seiner langsten Friedenszeiten eintrug. Dazu gehoert zudem das westdeutsche Gegenprogramm, das die Verbindlichkeit des Abkommens fur Deutschland leugnet und ihm die Behauptung des Fortbestands des Deutschen Reiches uber den 8.5.1945 und die Identitat der BRD mit diesem entgegensetzt. Beide Widerstande fanden in der Aufnahme der BRD in das westliche Bundnis zusammen, durch die sich die BRD in der von den Nationalsozialisten angestrebten Koalition sah und Hoffnungen auf eine Revision der Niederlage hegte, denen der "2+4-Vertrag" ein vorlaufiges Ende setzt.

Vor dem Hintergrund der in der Bundesrepublik anhaltenden Unrechtsdebatte diskutieren die Beitrage des Sammelbandes die voelkerrechtliche Zulassigkeit und die historischen Auswirkungen der Beschlusse des Potsdamer Abkommens vom 2.8.1945. Darin wurde die Aussiedlung der deutschen Bevoelkerung in denjenigen Teilen des untergegangenen Reiches vereinbart, die Nachkriegsdeutschland nach den Bestimmungen des Abkommens nicht mehr angehoerten. Die Aussiedlungsbeschlusse betrafen uberdies Staatsburger deutscher Volkszugehoerigkeit in den vom Dritten Reich okkupierten Landern. Die Autoren kommen in der Einschatzung dieser Ereignisse zu unterschiedlichen Ergebnissen. Der Sammelband ist daher nicht zuletzt ein Zeitzeugnis der gesellschaftlichen Aneignung des Gegenstands in den von dem Geschehen betroffenen Landern.

Qualitat als wissenschaftliche Superidee" und als generalisierbares Ideal der Medizin ist theoretisch und praktisch unhaltbar und unfruchtbar, weil Qualitat nicht letztgultig ableitbar oder legitimierbar und daher auch alles andere als kritikresistent ist. Das schmerzt gerade im Fall der Medizin, die uns wie kaum eine andere Disziplin und menschliche Tatigkeit existenziell betrifft und wo Willkur und Beliebigkeit keinen Platz haben durfen und doch in diesem oder jenem Fall immer wieder unterstellt werden konnen. Der Ruf nach Qualitat in der Medizin ist daher vielleicht auch ein nostalgischer Reflex auf die zunehmende Komplexitat der Gesellschaft, in der wir leben. Dennoch, als Effekt einer praktisch-systematisch waltenden medizinischen Vernunft fur das Gemeinwesen und fur den Einzelnen, als das, was bei uns als Gut" und gut" ankommt, bleibt sie fundamental. Sie ist das Movens der Medizin, was sie treibt und was unverzichtbar ist fur die gluckliche Entwicklung regionaler und globaler Gesellschaftsneuordnungen. Wider den vorherrschenden Wirtschafts-, Markt-, Medien- und Politikdruck zahlt und bleibt das, was beim Menschen fraglos als dessen ureigener Gesundheitserhalt, gewissermassen als Gesundheitszugewinn oder Gesundheitswiedergewinn der Fall ist. Dafur, um dies fur unsere Zeit deutlicher zu sehen, dieser Band."

This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ++++ The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to ensure edition identification: ++++ Programma De Conspectu Testatoris Johann Christoph Koch

This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ++++ The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to ensure edition identification: ++++ Programma De Breuiario Extrauagantium Bernardi Circae Cod. MS. Membran. Biblioth. Acad. Giessensis Johann Christoph Koch, Bernardus Balbus (bp. of Pavia.)