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This Variorum collection of articles is intended to illustrate that
conflict in the late Middle Ages was not only about soldiers and
fighting (about the makers and the making of war), important as
these were. Just as it remains in our own day, war was a subject
which attracted writers (commentators, moralists and social critics
among them), some of whom glorified war, while others did not. For
the historian the written word is important evidence of how war,
and those taking part in it, might be regarded by the wider
society. One question was supremely important: what was the
standing among their contemporaries of those who fought society's
wars? How was war seen on the moral scale of the time? The last two
sections deal with a particular war, the 'occupation' of northern
France by the English between 1420 and 1450. The men who conquered
the duchy, and then served to keep it under English control for
those years, had to be rewarded with lands, titles, administrative
and military responsibilities, even (for the clergy) ecclesiastical
benefices. For these, war spelt 'opportunity', whose advantages
they would be reluctant to surrender. The final irony lies in the
fact that Frenchmen, returning to claim their ancestral rights once
the English had been driven out, frequently found it difficult to
unravel both the legal and the practical consequences of a war
which had caused a considerable upheaval in Norman society over a
period of a single generation.
This series [pushes] the boundaries of knowledge and [develops] new
trends in approach and understanding. ENGLISH HISTORICAL REVIEW The
concerns of people over differing levels of fifteenth-century
society are the focus of the essays contained in this volume. How
would a queen in exile wish to be depicted on a medal, or a
newly-crowned king deal with recalcitrant London merchants when
their interests clashed with his policies? The logistics of an
invasion of France present a challenge to the military advisers of
another king, and by bringing fresh insights to the text a
translator of Vegetius' De re militari addresses the fears of
rulers and ruled in a time of civil unrest. English supplicants to
the papal curia require expert advice to navigate bureaucratic
procedures at Rome; while Welsh students encounter other obstacles
as they embark on careers in Church and state. Manuscript and
printed versions of parliamentary statutes point to differing
preferences on the part of government clerks and practising lawyers
in their choice of language; while the papers of a professional
estate manager from Norfolk reveal antiquarian interests and an
affinity with William of Worcester. Contributors: Christopher
Allmand, Peter Clarke, Rhun Emlyn, Samantha Harper, Frederick
Hepburn, John Milner, Dean Rowland, Anthony Smith
Fresh examinations of the activities of Henry V, looking at how his
reputation was achieved. Henry V (1413-22) is widely acclaimed as
the most successful late medieval English king. In his short reign
of nine and a half years, he re-imposed the rule of law, made the
crown solvent, decisively crushed heresy, achieved a momentous
victory at the battle of Agincourt (1415), and negotiated a
remarkably favourable settlement for the English over the French in
the Treaty of Troyes (1420). Above all, he restored the reputation
of the English monarchy andunited the English people behind the
crown following decades of upheaval and political turmoil. But who
was the man behind these achievements? What explains his success?
How did he acquire such a glorious reputation? The ground-breaking
essays contained in this volume provide the first concerted
investigation of these questions in over two decades. Contributions
range broadly across the period of Henry's life, including his
early years as Prince of Wales. They consider how Henry raised the
money to fund his military campaigns and how his subjects responded
to these financial exactions; how he secured royal authority in the
localities and cultivated support within the politicalcommunity;
and how he consolidated his rule in France and earned for himself a
reputation as the archetypal late medieval warrior king. Overall,
the contributions provide new insights and a much better
understanding of how Henryachieved this epithet. GWILYM DODD is an
Associate Professor in the Department of History, University of
Nottingham. Contributors: Christopher Allmand, Mark Arvanigian,
Michael Bennett, Anne Curry, Gwilym Dodd, Maureen Jurkowski, Alison
K. McHardy, Neil Murphy, W. Mark Ormrod, Jenny Stratford, Craig
Taylor.
Fresh examinations of the activities of Henry V, looking at how his
reputation was achieved. Henry V (1413-22) is widely acclaimed as
the most successful late medieval English king. In his short reign
of nine and a half years, he re-imposed the rule of law, made the
crown solvent, decisively crushed heresy, achieved a momentous
victory at the battle of Agincourt (1415), and negotiated a
remarkably favourable settlement for the English over the French in
the Treaty of Troyes (1420). Above all, he restored the reputation
of the English monarchy andunited the English people behind the
crown following decades of upheaval and political turmoil. But who
was the man behind these achievements? What explains his success?
How did he acquire such a glorious reputation? The ground-breaking
essays contained in this volume provide the first concerted
investigation of these questions in over two decades. Contributions
range broadly across the period of Henry's life, including his
early years as Prince of Wales. They consider how Henry raised the
money to fund his military campaigns and how his subjects responded
to these financial exactions; how he secured royal authority in the
localities and cultivated support within the politicalcommunity;
and how he consolidated his rule in France and earned for himself a
reputation as the archetypal late medieval warrior king. Overall,
the contributions provide new insights and a much better
understanding of how Henryachieved this epithet. GWILYM DODD is an
Associate Professor in the Department of History, University of
Nottingham. Contributors: Christopher Allmand, Mark Arvanigian,
Michael Bennett, Anne Curry, Gwilym Dodd, Maureen Jurkowski, Alison
K. McHardy, Neil Murphy, W. Mark Ormrod, Jenny Stratford, Craig
Taylor.
Latest volume in the leading forum for debate on aspects of
medieval warfare. This sixth volume continues the journal's
tradition of providing a wide range of scholarly studies, covering
topics as diverse as Carolingian war-horse breeding, late-medieval
Spanish methods of war-finance, the interface betweenmilitary
action and politics at the end of the Hundred Years War, and the
tactical methods of Cuman warriors. A key feature of the journal is
its commitment to fostering debate on the most significant issues
in medieval military history, and that tradition too continues with
the new volume, with a study of the relationships between communal
horsemen and footsoldiers in High Medieval Italy having significant
implications for the dispute over the importanceof infantry before
the fourteenth century. There is also an important article by
Richard Abels dealing with the contrasting `cultural determinist'
and `scientific' approaches to understanding the mindset of
medieval warriors, andthe existence (or not) of a `Western Way of
War'. CONTRIBUTORS: RICHARD ABELS, CARROLL GILLMOR, ALDO A. SETTIA,
GREGORY D. BELL, RUSSELL MITCHELL, DONALD J. KAGAY, CHRISTOPHER
ALLMAND.
Primary sources for the Hundred Years War present the realities of
the medieval experience of warfare in England and in France. War's
impact on two societies, England and France, in the late middle
ages is fully explored through the evidence and commentary
presented here, showing how they reacted to the conflict between
them. The Hundred Years War forms the framework for the chosen
documents, all from the fourteenth and fifteenth century; extracts
show how men thought about war and how they faced up to these ideas
in practice; the problems of manpower; and the effects of the
military needs of the day on society. The importance of economic
motives for going to war is considered, together with the changing
methods used in fighting the war. Finally, the attempts at
peace-making are illustrated, showing how wardid not necessarily
end suddenly since its effects -social, economic and political -
were felt for many years after it was officially over. New
introduction, updated bibliography; originally published 1973.
CHRISTOPHER ALLMANDis Professor of Medieval History at the
University of Liverpool.
Vegetius' late Roman text became a well known and highly respected
'classic' in the Middle Ages, transformed by its readers into the
authority on the waging of war. Christopher Allmand analyses the
medieval afterlife of the De Re Militari, tracing the growing
interest in the text from the Carolingian world to the late Middle
Ages, suggesting how the written word may have influenced the
development of military practice in that period. While emphasising
that success depended on a commander's ability to outwit the enemy
with a carefully selected, well trained and disciplined army, the
De Re Militari inspired other unexpected developments, such as that
of the 'national' army, and helped create a context in which the
role of the soldier assumed greater social and political
importance. Allmand explores the significance of the text and the
changes it brought for those who accepted the implications of its
central messages.
Thanks in part to Shakespeare, Henry V is one of England's
best-known monarchs. The image of the king leading his army against
the French, and the great victory at Agincourt, are part of English
historical tradition. Yet, though indeed a soldier of exceptional
skill, Henry V's reputation needs to be seen against a broader
background of achievement.
This sweepingly majestic book is based on the full range of primary
sources and sets the reign in its full European context.
Christopher Allmand shows that Henry V not only united the country
in war but also provided domestic security, solid government, and a
much needed sense of national pride. The book includes an updated
foreword which takes stock of more recent publications in the
field.
"A far more rounded picture of Henry as a ruler than any previous
study."--G.L. Harris, "The Times"
Vegetius' late Roman text became a well-known and highly respected
'classic' in the Middle Ages, transformed by its readers into the
authority on the waging of war. Christopher Allmand analyses the
medieval afterlife of the De Re Militari, tracing the growing
interest in the text from the Carolingian world to the late Middle
Ages, suggesting how the written word may have influenced the
development of military practice in that period. While emphasising
that success depended on a commander's ability to outwit the enemy
with a carefully selected, well-trained and disciplined army, the
De Re Militari inspired other unexpected developments, such as that
of the 'national' army, and helped create a context in which the
role of the soldier assumed greater social and political
importance. Allmand explores the significance of the text and the
changes it brought for those who accepted the implications of its
central messages.
This volume covers the last century (interpreted broadly) of the
traditional western Middle Ages. Often seen as a time of doubt,
decline and division, the period is shown here as a period of
considerable innovation and development, much of which resulted
from a conscious attempt by contemporaries to meet the growing
demands of society and to find practical solutions to the social,
religious and political problems which beset it. The volume
consists of four sections. Part I focuses on both the ideas and
other considerations which guided men as they sought good
government, and on the practical development of representation.
Part II deals with aspects of social and economic development at a
time of change and expansion. Part III discusses the importance of
the life of the spirit: religion, education and the arts. Moving
from the general to the particular, Part IV concerns itself with
the history of the countries of Europe, emphasis being placed on
the growth of the nation states of the 'early modern' world.
This is a comparative study of how the societies of late-medieval England and France reacted to the long period of conflict between them commonly known as the Hundred Years War. Beginning with an outline of the events of the war, the book continues with an analysis of contemporary views regarding the war. Two chapters follow that describe the military aim of the protagonists, military and naval organization, recruitment, and the raising of taxes. The remainder of the book describes and analyzes some of the main social and economic effects of war upon society, the growth of a sense of national consciousness in time of conflict, and the social criticism that came from those who reacted to changes and development brought about by war.
The publication of The New Cambridge Medieval History is a major
landmark in the field of historical publishing. Written by leading
international scholars and incorporating the very latest research,
the History will become the essential reference tool for anyone
interested in the medieval world. The original Cambridge Medieval
History was published between 1911 and 1936, with a new edition of
Volume 4 appearing in the 1960s. That famous series is now out of
print, and is being replaced by The New Cambridge Medieval History
which will present a reliable, detailed history from late antiquity
to c.1500. To be published in seven volumes, with volume 4 divided
into two parts, it will provide a unique, authoritative guide to
medieval life and thought.
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