This state-of-the-art study argues that reforms to intellectual property (IP) should be based on the ways IP is interacting with new technologies, business models, work patterns and social mores. It identifies emerging IP reform proposals and experiments, indicating first how more rigor and independence can be built into the grant of IP rights so that genuine innovations are recognized. The original contributions illustrate how IP rights can be utilised, through open source licensing systems and private transfers, to disseminate knowledge. Reforms are recommended. The discussion takes in patents, copyright, trade secrets and relational obligations, considering the design of legislative directives, default principles, administrative practices, contractual terms and license specifications. Providing contemporary empirical studies and covering public administration, collective and open approaches, and regulation of private transactions, this comprehensive book will prove a stimulating read for academics and students of law, business and management and development studies. Government policy makers and regulators as well as IP managers and advocates will also find much to provoke thought.

The WTO intellectual property and services agreements (TRIPs and GATS) form the global legal framework in which governments now regulate trade in knowledge. This second edition analyses the provisions of the agreements and examines closely the thirteen years of implementation and revision. Gathering together the interpretations placed on the agreements by the WTO dispute settlement bodies, it reports on the initiatives taken by the members both to liberalise trade in knowledge and to shape international business regulation. Drawing on this, Christopher Arup assesses the future of the WTO as a global law-making institution. Three expanded case studies (legal services, genetic codes/essential medicines, and on-line media) illustrate the impact of the agreements and highlight the challenges faced by the WTO in reconciling free trade with social regulation.

Innovation is widely held to be a central concern of economic policy and a key element in the transformation of the economy. This book, first published in 1993, illustrates the connections between innovation, policy and law and shows the ways in which the law can work as a key instrument of innovation policy. A cross-disciplinary study, it considers the ways in which the law has accommodated innovation, and the ways in which a legal framework for facilitating and managing new technologies has developed. As well as canvassing broad theoretical issues, the book presents a number of case studies. These include: intellectual property: patents and living organisms: copyright and computer software: competition and trade: competition law and foreign investment review: and government sponsorship and entrepreneurship: direct grants and tax concessions: telecommunications licensing. Innovation, Policy and Law examines issues in public and industrial policy from the viewpoint of legal studies. The book will increase understanding of the ways in which legal processes can promote innovation and assist in capturing the benefits that innovation brings.

The WTO intellectual property and services agreements (TRIPs and GATS) form the global legal framework in which governments now regulate trade in knowledge. This second edition analyses the provisions of the agreements and examines closely the thirteen years of implementation and revision. Gathering together the interpretations placed on the agreements by the WTO dispute settlement bodies, it reports on the initiatives taken by the members both to liberalise trade in knowledge and to shape international business regulation. Drawing on this, Christopher Arup assesses the future of the WTO as a global law-making institution. Three expanded case studies (legal services, genetic codes/essential medicines, and on-line media) illustrate the impact of the agreements and highlight the challenges faced by the WTO in reconciling free trade with social regulation.

Innovation is widely held to be a central concern of economic policy and a key element in the transformation of the economy. This book, first published in 1993, illustrates the connections between innovation, policy and law and shows the ways in which the law can work as a key instrument of innovation policy. A cross-disciplinary study, it considers the ways in which the law has accommodated innovation, and the ways in which a legal framework for facilitating and managing new technologies has developed. As well as canvassing broad theoretical issues, the book presents a number of case studies. These include: intellectual property: patents and living organisms: copyright and computer software: competition and trade: competition law and foreign investment review: and government sponsorship and entrepreneurship: direct grants and tax concessions: telecommunications licensing. Innovation, Policy and Law examines issues in public and industrial policy from the viewpoint of legal studies. The book will increase understanding of the ways in which legal processes can promote innovation and assist in capturing the benefits that innovation brings.