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Seminar paper from the year 2006 in the subject Business economics
- Investment and Finance, grade: 1,3, European Business School -
International University Schloss Reichartshausen Oestrich-Winkel,
course: Seminar Retail Banking, 52 entries in the bibliography,
language: English, comment: The paper aims to answer the question
whether Germany is overbanked. It describes the German banking
system and structure in detail and researches reasons for the weak
profitability of the sector., abstract: German banks have come
under pressure for their disappointing profitability. Indeed,
rankings of developed nations along profitability indicators place
Germany at the end of the scale. Critics attribute that situation
mainly to the German banking system being overbanked and
overbranched. The purpose of this paper is to analyze that notion
and to examine the German market and competitive landscape of the
retail banking industry. The analysis contains four sections. The
first section compares profitability ratios and indicators of
German banks to their peers' performances. The study produces
surprising results. Despite the ostensibly high branch density,
Germany's banks operate very cost efficiently. Yet it is their
inability to generate sufficient income that results in the
sluggish net earnings. Consequently, in the second section, the
authors examine the German banking system and portray and compare
its peculiarities in order to find out if the income problems are
inherent to the system. More than in any other country, public
banks dominate the market and, together with the cooperative banks,
do not follow the economic principle of profit maximization.
Moreover, the public banks have also received unjust government
subsidies in the form of the maintenance and guarantee obligations.
Thus, one presumes that private German banks operate in a very
difficult system. The third section then takes a closer look at the
market and analyzes the bank density, branch density and comp
Bachelor Thesis from the year 2006 in the subject Law - Civil /
Private / Trade / Anti Trust Law / Business Law, grade: A-, New
York University School of Law, course: US corporate and commercial
law, 0 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract:
American company law traditionally offered a group of businessmen
in quest of profit only two choices of business associations: a
corporation or a partnership. Both forms have their advantages and
disadvantages that depend upon various factors: the size of the
envisaged business, its riskiness, capital requirements, need for a
separation of ownership and management, liability, desired life of
the venture, and transferability of share interests. The
partnership has generally been used for smaller enterprises
associated with less risk and capital requirements. The corporate
form gives businessmen the opportunity to conduct risky business
affairs with respect to potential tort liability as well as default
risk without being exposed to unlimited personal liability because
only the assets of the corporation can be used to satisfy claims.
The benefit of limited liability came at the price of
disadvantageous double taxation because, unlike a partnership, a
corporation has been viewed as an independent entity and its income
has consequently been taxed on the corporation's as well as the
shareholders' level. This has driven smart entrepreneurs to conduct
their business affairs in form of a hybrid entity, a combination of
a partnership and a corporation, the limited partnership with a
corporate general partner. In that form a corporation is the (sole)
general partner of a limited partnership which results in limited
liability for the owners and managers of this hybrid entity and the
advantage of the preferential tax treatment of a partnership. Thus,
this entity allows combining the benefits of a corporation and a
partnership while reducing their shortcomings. The goal of this
paper is to illustrate the development of
Diplomarbeit aus dem Jahr 2007 im Fachbereich BWL - Bank, Borse,
Versicherung, Note: 1.1, European Business School - Internationale
Universitat Schloss Reichartshausen Oestrich-Winkel, 151 Quellen im
Literaturverzeichnis, Sprache: Deutsch, Anmerkungen: Die Arbeit
beschreibt einleitend die Entwicklung im Handel mit notleidenden
Krediten in Deutschland und arbeitet in den folgenden Kapiteln die
unterschiedlichen Bewertungskonzepte von notleidenden Krediten der
Geschaftsbanken und Investitionsgesellschaften heraus. Im letzten
Abschnitt werden die Konzepte evaluiert und die sich abzeichnende
zukunftige Entwicklung vorhergesagt., Abstract: This paper explores
the price gap between sellers and buyers of distressed corporate
debt which impedes the development of the nascent distressed debt
market in Germany. After an introductory first chapter, the second
chapter lays the groundwork for the further investigation by
analyzing the motivations of the two types of market participants,
the commercial banks and the distressed debt investors, to trade.
It continues by describing the characteristics of distressed debt
investors and the investment approaches they take. The third
chapter deals with the commercial banks' perspective on distressed
debt and their valuation methods. It is shown that banks view
corporate debt in light of its inherent risk of default and
consequently value loans at par value less specific provisions.
Although banks maintain vigorous rating systems to assess the
probability of default and the loss given default, they have
difficulties specifically valuing distressed corporate debt. Their
valuation methods do not incorporate all drivers of debt value and
future workout costs and are largely influenced by accounting
principles and accounting policies resulting in insufficient
provisions and too high price expectations. By contrast, as shown
in the fourth chapter, investors view distressed corporate debt as
an opportunity to restructure the company and p
Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2006 im Fachbereich Jura - Steuerrecht,
Note: 2,0, European Business School - Internationale Universitat
Schloss Reichartshausen Oestrich-Winkel, 33 Quellen im
Literaturverzeichnis, Sprache: Deutsch, Anmerkungen: Die Arbeit
stellt die Europaische Gesellschaft (Societas Europaea, SE) vor und
untersucht deren Besteuerung bei Grundung und Sitzverlegung. Dabei
wird die Besteuerung jeweils getrennt betrachtet fur die
Verschmelzung, Grundung einer Holding-SE, Tochter-SE und einem
Formwechsel. Bei der Sitzverlegung wird unterschieden in die
Sitzverlegung ins Ausland und ins Inland. Generell werden sowohl
nationale Steuergesetze als auch EU-Richtlinien fur die Analyse zu
Rate gezogen., Abstract: Nach fast vierzigjahriger Reifezeit
beschlossen die Mitgliedsstaaten der Europaischen Union am
20.12.2000 in Nizza ( Wunder von Nizza") die Einfuhrung einer
supranational-europaischen Gesellschaftsform - der Europaischen
Gesellschaft, genannt Societas Europaea (SE). Gemass der Praambel
der Verordnung uber das Statut der Europaischen Gesellschaft
(SE-VO) soll die neue Gesellschaftsform SE den Unternehmen der EU
die Moglichkeit eroffnen, ihr Wirtschaftspotenzial durch
Konzentrations- und Fusionsmassnahmen zu bundeln,
Produktionsmassnahmen gemeinschaftsweit zu reorganisieren und damit
die Wirtschaft der Gemeinschaft zu starken. Die SE ermoglicht dies
vor allem durch die organisatorische Vereinfachung
grenzuberschreitenden Handelns, indem der Zwang entfallt,
verschiedene Tochtergesellschaften zu grunden und die Unternehmen
stattdessen mit einer Geschaftsfuhrung, einem Berichtssystem und
einem einheitlichen Kern an Regeln europaweit wirken konnen. Damit
ist die Europaische Gesellschaft als Rechtsform fur ein europaweit
agierendes Unternehmen pradestiniert. Der Erfolg der SE und deren
praktische Relevanz werden in hohem Masse von ihrer steuerlichen
Behandlung abhangen. Eine der grossen Schwachen der SE-VO ist, dass
die Besteuerung nicht in ihr enthalt
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