Building accurate algorithms for the optimization of picking orders is a difficult task, especially when one considers the delays of real-world situations. In warehouse environments, diverse algorithms must be developed to enhance the global performance relating to combining customer orders into picking orders to reduce wait times. The Handbook of Research on Metaheuristics for Order Picking Optimization in Warehouses to Smart Cities is a pivotal reference source that addresses strategies for developing able algorithms in order to build better picking orders and the impact of these strategies on the picking systems in which diverse algorithms are implemented. While highlighting topics such ABC optimization, environmental intelligence, and order batching, this publication examines common picking aspects in warehouse environments ranging from manual order picking systems to automated retrieval systems. This book is intended for researchers, teachers, engineers, managers, and practitioners seeking research on algorithms to enhance the order picking performance.