Preface. Part One: Pathophysiology of ischemia and reperfusion. 1. Moderate ischemic injury and myocardial stunning; M.E. Zughaib, P.B. McCay, M.O. Jeroudi, C. Hartley, Jian-Zhong Sun, S. Seikili, Xiao-Ying Li, R. Bolli. 2. Severe ischemic injury and the oxygen paradox; H.M. Piper, B. Siegmund, K.-D. Schluter. 3. Role of leukocytes in reperfusion injury; S.L. Hale, R.A. Kloner. 4. Ischemia of the neonatal heart; F.M. Lupinetti. Part Two: Concepts of cardioplegia. 5. Cardioplegia with an intracellular formulation; C.J. Preusse. 6. Cardioplegia with an extracellular formulation; D.J. Chambers, M.V. Braimbridge. 7. Blood cardioplegic strategies during adult cardiac operations; G.D. Buckberg, B.S. Allen, F. Beyersdorf. Part Three: Clinical application of cardioplegia. 8. High volume perfusion; I.B. Krukenkamp, C.A. Caldarone, P. Burns, S. Levitsky. 9. Intermittent coronary perfusion; H.D. Schulte. 10. Retrograde perfusion; P. Menasche. 11. Cardiac arrest by ventricular fibrillation; C.W. Akins. 12. Myocardial preservation in the immature heart; J.E. Mayer, Jr. Part Four: Evaluation of cardioplegic methodology. 13. High-energy phosphates and their catabolites; J.W. de Jong, T. Huizer, M. Janssen, R. Krams, M. Tavenier, P.D. Verdouw. 14. Lactate monitoring during and after cardiopulmonary bypass: an approach implicating a perioperative measure for cardiac energy metabolism; E.-G. Krause, D. Pfeiffer, U. Wollenberger, H.-G. Wollert. 15. Myocardialtissue pH in the assessment of the extent of myocardial ischemia and the adequacy of myocardial protection; M.B. Tantillo, S.F. Khuri. 16. Morphology of the acute and chronic ischemic myocardium in man; M. Borgers, W. Flameng. 17. Muscle birefringence; S. Darracott-Cankovic. 18. How to measure cardiac energy expenditure; M.Takaki, T. Namba, J. Araki, K. Ishioka, H. Ito, T. Akashi, Ling Yun Zhao, Dan Dan Zhao, Miao Liu, W. Fujii, M. Takaki, H. Suga. 19. Cardioplegia and cardiac function; D. Baumgart, R. Schulz, T. Ehring, G. Heusch. Index.