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Computers are already approving financial transactions, controlling
electrical supplies, and driving trains. Soon, service robots will
be taking care of the elderly in their homes, and military robots
will have their own targeting and firing protocols. Colin Allen and
Wendell Wallach argue that as robots take on more and more
responsibility, they must be programmed with moral decision-making
abilities, for our own safety. Taking a fast paced tour through the
latest thinking about philosophical ethics and artificial
intelligence, the authors argue that even if full moral agency for
machines is a long way off, it is already necessary to start
building a kind of functional morality, in which artificial moral
agents have some basic ethical sensitivity. But the standard
ethical theories don't seem adequate, and more socially engaged and
engaging robots will be needed. As the authors show, the quest to
build machines that are capable of telling right from wrong has
begun.
Moral Machines is the first book to examine the challenge of
building artificial moral agents, probing deeply into the nature of
human decision making and ethics.
"An invaluable guide to avoiding the stuff of science-fiction
nightmares."-John Gilby, Times Higher Education "Moral Machines is
a fine introduction to the emerging field of robot ethics. There is
much here that will interest ethicists, philosophers, cognitive
scientists, and roboticists."-Peter Danielson, Notre Dame
Philosophical Reviews "Written with an abundance of examples and
lessons learned, scenarios of incidents that may happen, and
elaborate discussions on existing artificial agents on the cutting
edge of research/practice, Moral Machines goes beyond what is known
as computer ethics into what will soon be called the discipline of
machine morality. Highly recommended."-G. Trajkovski, CHOICE
"...the book does succeed in making the essential point that the
phrase 'moral machine' is not an oxymoron. It also provides a
window onto an area of research with which psychologists are
unlikely to be familiar and one from which, at some point, we may
be able to learn quite a lot."-PsycCRITIQUES "Moral Machines
represents a valuable addition to, and extension of, the current
literature on machine morality. As the development of autonomous
artificial moral agents becomes closer to being realized, I suspect
that this book will only gain in importance."-Metapsychology
Logic Primer presents a rigorous introduction to natural deduction
systems of sentential and first-order logic. Logic Primer presents
a rigorous introduction to natural deduction systems of sentential
and first-order logic. The text is designed to foster the
student-instructor relationship. The key concepts are laid out in
concise definitions and comments, with the expectation that the
instructor will elaborate upon them. New to the second edition is
the addition of material on the logic of identity in chapters 3 and
4. An innovative interactive Web site, consisting of a "Logic
Daemon" and a "Quizmaster," encourages students to formulate their
own proofs and links them to appropriate explanations in the book.
The heart of this book is the reciprocal relationship between
philosophical theories of mind and empirical studies of animal
cognition. Colin Allen (a philosopher) and Marc Bekoff (a cognitive
ethologist) approach their work from a perspective that considers
arguments about evolutionary continuity to be as applicable to the
study of animal minds and brains as they are to comparative studies
of kidneys, stomachs, and hearts. Cognitive ethologists study the
comparative, evolutionary, and ecological aspects of the mental
phenomena of animals. Philosophy can provide cognitive ethology
with an analytical basis for attributing cognition to nonhuman
animals and for studying it, and cognitive ethology can help
philosophy to explain mentality in naturalistic terms by providing
data on the evolution of cognition. This interdiscipinary approach
reveals flaws in common objections to the view that animals have
minds. The heart of the book is this reciprocal relationship
between philosophical theories of mind and empirical studies of
animal cognition. All theoretical discussion is carefully tied to
case studies, particularly in the areas of antipredatory vigilance
and social play, where there are many points of contact with
philosophical discussions of intentionality and representation.
Allen and Bekoff make specific suggestions about how to use
philosophical theories of intentionality as starting points for
empirical investigation of animal minds, and they stress the
importance of studying animals other than nonhuman primates.
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