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This book was published in 2003.This book offers a broad and
incisive analysis of the governance of privacy protection with
regard to personal information in contemporary advanced industrial
states. Based on research across many countries, it discusses the
goals of privacy protection policy and the changing discourse
surrounding the privacy issue, concerning risk, trust and social
values. It analyzes at length the contemporary policy instruments
that together comprise the inventory of possible solutions to the
problem of privacy protection. It argues that privacy protection
depends upon an integration of these instruments, but that any
country's efforts are inescapably linked with the actions of others
that operate outside its borders. The book concludes that, in a
'globalizing' world, this regulatory interdependence could lead
either to a search for the highest possible standard of privacy
protection, or to competitive deregulation, or to a more complex
outcome reflecting the nature of the issue and its policy
responses.
National identity cards are in the news. While paper ID documents
have been used in some countries for a long time, today's rapid
growth features high-tech IDs with built-in biometrics and RFID
chips. Both long-term trends towards e-Government and the more
recent responses to 9/11 have prompted the quest for more stable
identity systems. Commercial pressures mix with security rationales
to catalyze ID development, aimed at accuracy, efficiency and
speed. New ID systems also depend on computerized national
registries. Many questions are raised about new IDs but they are
often limited by focusing on the cards themselves or on "privacy."
Playing the Identity Card shows not only the benefits of how the
state can "see" citizens better using these instruments but also
the challenges this raises for civil liberties and human rights. ID
cards are part of a broader trend towards intensified surveillance
and as such are understood very differently according to the
history and cultures of the countries concerned.
National identity cards are in the news. While paper ID documents
have been used in some countries for a long time, today's rapid
growth features high-tech IDs with built-in biometrics and RFID
chips. Both long-term trends towards e-Government and the more
recent responses to 9/11 have prompted the quest for more stable
identity systems. Commercial pressures mix with security rationales
to catalyze ID development, aimed at accuracy, efficiency and
speed. New ID systems also depend on computerized national
registries. Many questions are raised about new IDs but they are
often limited by focusing on the cards themselves or on "privacy."
Playing the Identity Card shows not only the benefits of how the
state can "see" citizens better using these instruments but also
the challenges this raises for civil liberties and human rights. ID
cards are part of a broader trend towards intensified surveillance
and as such are understood very differently according to the
history and cultures of the countries concerned.
This book offers a broad and incisive analysis of the governance of
privacy protection with regard to personal information in
contemporary advanced industrial states. Based on research across
many countries, it discusses the goals of privacy protection policy
and the changing discourse surrounding the privacy issue,
concerning risk, trust and social values. It analyzes at length the
contemporary policy instruments that together comprise the
inventory of possible solutions to the problem of privacy
protection. It argues that privacy protection depends upon an
integration of these instruments, but that any country's efforts
are inescapably linked with the actions of others that operate
outside its borders. The book concludes that, in a 'globalizing'
world, this regulatory interdependence could lead either to a
search for the highest possible standard of privacy protection, or
to competitive deregulation, or to a more complex outcome
reflecting the nature of the issue and its policy responses.
The work of a multidisciplinary research team, Transparent Lives
explains how surveillance is expanding—mostly unchecked—into
every facet of our lives. Although many Canadians are aware that
government agencies are able to conduct mass surveillance using
phone and online data, relatively few of us recognize the extent to
which our privacy has been invaded by routine forms of monitoring.
We cannot walk down a city street, attend a class, pay with a
credit card, hop on an airplane, or make a phone call without data
being captured and processed. Where does such information go, and
who makes use of it? Who gains, and who loses? The New Transparency
Project set out to investigate the myriad of ways in which both
government and private sector organizations gather, monitor,
analyze, and share information about ordinary citizens. This
research, which extended over several years, culminated in the
identification of nine key trends in the contemporary practice of
surveillance—trends that, together, raise urgent questions of
both privacy and social justice. Perhaps the loss of control over
our personal information is merely the price we pay for using
social media and other forms of electronic communication. Or should
we instead be wary of systems that make us visible, and thus
vulnerable, to others as never before? Transparent Lives is
intended to inform policymakers, journalists, civil liberties
groups, and educators about the current state of surveillance in
Canada. Above all, though, it aims to alert unsuspecting citizens
to the ubiquitous and largely invisible practices of monitoring
that surround them.
Few sites are more symbolic of both the opportunities and
vulnerabilities of contemporary globalization than the
international airport. Politics at the Airport brings together
leading scholars to examine how airports both shape and are shaped
by current political, social, and economic conditions. Focusing on
the ways that airports have become securitized, the essays address
a wide range of practices and technologies-from architecture,
biometric identification, and CCTV systems to "no-fly lists" and
the privatization of border control-now being deployed to frame the
social sorting of safe and potentially dangerous travelers. This
provocative volume broadens our understanding of the connections
among power, space, bureaucracy, and migration while establishing
the airport as critical to the study of politics and global life.
Contributors: Peter Adey, Colin J. Bennett, Gillian Fuller,
Francisco R. Klauser, Gallya Lahav, David Lyon, Benjamin J. Muller,
Valerie November, Jean Ruegg.
Analyzes privacy policy instruments available to contemporary
industrial states, from government regulations and transnational
regimes to self-regulation and privacy enhancing technologies.
Privacy protection, according to Colin Bennett and Charles Raab,
involves politics and public policy as much as it does law and
technology. Moreover, the protection of our personal information in
a globalized, borderless world means that privacy-related policies
are inextricably interdependent. In this updated paperback edition
of The Governance of Privacy, Bennett and Raab analyze a broad
range of privacy policy instruments available to contemporary
advanced industrial states, from government regulations and
transnational regimes to self-regulation and privacy-enhancing
technologies. They consider two possible dynamics of privacy
regulation-a "race to the bottom," with competitive deregulation by
countries eager to attract global investment in information
technology, versus "a race to the top," with the progressive
establishment of global privacy standards. Bennett and Raab begin
by discussing the goals of privacy protection, the liberal and
individualist assumptions behind it, and the neglected relationship
between privacy and social equity. They describe and evaluate
different policy instruments, including the important 1995
Directive on Data Protection from the European Union, as well as
the general efficacy of the "top-down" statutory approach and
self-regulatory and technological alternatives to it. They evaluate
the interrelationships of these policy instruments and their
position in a global framework of regulation and policy by state
and non-state actors. And finally, they consider whether all of
this policy activity at international, national, and corporate
levels necessarily means higher levels of privacy protection.
As the world moves into the twenty-first century, cellular
systems, high-density data storage, and the Internet are but a few
of the new technologies that promise great advances in productivity
and improvements in the quality of life. Yet these new technologies
also threaten personal privacy. A surveillance society, in which
the individual has little control over personal information, may be
the logical result of deregulation, globalization, and a mass
data-processing capacity. Consumers report increasing concern over
erosion of personal privacy even as they volunteer personal
information in exchange for coupons, catalogues, and credit. What
kind of privacy future are we facing? In Visions of Privacy: Policy
Choices for the Digital Age, some of the most prominent
international theorists and practitioners in the field explore the
impact of evolving technology on private citizens. The authors
critically probe market, ethical, global, regulatory and advocacy
issues, as each answers the question, 'How can we develop privacy
solutions equal to the surveillance challenges of the future?'
The information revolution has brought with it the technology for
easily collecting personal information about individuals, a
facility that inherently threatens personal privacy. Colin J.
Bennett here examines political responses to the data protection
issue in four Western democracies, comparing legislation that the
United States, Britain, West Germany, and Sweden forged from the
late 1960's to the 1980's to protect citizens from unwanted
computer dissemination of personal information. Drawing on an
extensive body of interviews and documentary evidence, Bennett
considers how the four countries, each with different cultural
traditions and institutions, formulated fair information policy. He
finds that their computer regulatory laws are based on strikingly
similar statutory principles, but that enforcement of these
principles varies considerably: the United States relies on citizen
initiative and judicial enforcement; Britain uses a registration
system; Germany has installed an ombudsman; and Sweden employs a
licensing system. Tracing the impact of key social, political, and
technological factors on the ways different political systems have
controlled the collection and communication of information, Bennett
also deepens our understanding of policymaking theory. Regulating
Privacy will be welcomed by political sciences-especially those
working in comparative public policy, American politics,
organization theory, and technology and politics-political
economists, information systems analysts, and others concerned with
issues of privacy.
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