This thought-provoking Research Handbook provides a comprehensive overview of current research on natural law theory in ethics, politics and law, demonstrating the rigour and versatility of the tradition and offering an up-to-date picture of these ideas in the 21st century. Featuring contributions from leading international scholars in disciplines from law and government to philosophy and religious studies, the Handbook explores both the philosophical foundations of natural law thinking and its practical implications for law, politics and governance. Chapters showcase the breadth and diversity of contemporary natural law thought, going beyond the dominant Catholic and Thomist perspectives to investigate natural law ideas in a variety of religious and cultural traditions, such as Judaism, Islam and Confucianism, as well as African American and feminist theory. The Research Handbook on Natural Law Theory will prove an invaluable resource for scholars and students of law, legal theory, philosophy, politics and government, as well as theology and religious studies, who wish to engage with current thinking on natural law and its relevance to their fields. Legal practitioners and experts in public policy will also find its varied perspectives useful.