This volume makes available, for the first time in English, some of the major writings of the Romanian ethnomusicologist Constantin Brailoiu. Despite the size and importance of his work and the fact that he was one of the leading ethnomusicologists of his day, Brailoiu has hitherto remained little known to English-speaking scholars. A. L. Lloyd has performed a valuable service by translating a collection of some of his most important theoretical works. These works are the product of meticulous fieldwork and methodological reflection. Brailoiu's broad-minded approach to both the musicological and sociological problems confronted has ensured that they remain indispensable material for all ethnomusicologists.