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There are precisely two further generalizations of the real and
complex numbers, namely, the quaternions and the octonions. The
quaternions naturally describe rotations in three dimensions. In
fact, all (continuous) symmetry groups are based on one of these
four number systems. This book provides an elementary introduction
to the properties of the octonions, with emphasis on their
geometric structure. Elementary applications covered include the
rotation groups and their spacetime generalization, the Lorentz
group, as well as the eigenvalue problem for Hermitian matrices. In
addition, more sophisticated applications include the exceptional
Lie groups, octonionic projective spaces, and applications to
particle physics including the remarkable fact that classical
supersymmetry only exists in particular spacetime dimensions.
There are precisely two further generalizations of the real and
complex numbers, namely, the quaternions and the octonions. The
quaternions naturally describe rotations in three dimensions. In
fact, all (continuous) symmetry groups are based on one of these
four number systems. This book provides an elementary introduction
to the properties of the octonions, with emphasis on their
geometric structure. Elementary applications covered include the
rotation groups and their spacetime generalization, the Lorentz
group, as well as the eigenvalue problem for Hermitian matrices. In
addition, more sophisticated applications include the exceptional
Lie groups, octonionic projective spaces, and applications to
particle physics including the remarkable fact that classical
supersymmetry only exists in particular spacetime dimensions.
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