One of the key scientific challenges is the puzzle of human cooperation. Why do people cooperate? Why do people help strangers, even sometimes at a major cost to themselves? Why do people want to punish people who violate norms and undermine collective interests? This book is inspired by the fact that social dilemmas, defined in terms of conflicts between (often short-term) self-interest and (often longer-term) collective interest, are omnipresent. The book centers on two major themes. The first theme centers on the theoretical understanding of human cooperation: are people indeed other-regarding? The second theme is more practical, and perhaps normative: how can cooperation be promoted? This question is at the heart of the functioning of relationships, organizations, as well as the society as a whole. In capturing the breadth and relevance of social dilemmas and psychology of human cooperation, this book is structured in three parts. The first part focuses on the definition of social dilemmas, along with the historical development of scientific theorizing of human cooperation and the development of social dilemma as a game in which to study cooperation. The second part presents three chapters, each of which adopts a relatively unique perspective on human cooperation: an evolutionary perspective, a psychological perspective, and a cultural perspective. The third part focuses on applications of social dilemmas in domains as broad and important as management and organizations, environmental issues, politics, national security, and health. Social Dilemmas is strongly inspired by the notion that science is never finished. Each chapter therefore concludes with a discussion of two (or more) basic issues that are often inherently intriguing, and often need more research and theory. The concluding chapter outlines avenues for future directions.

Within When Life Meets the Soul, Ivan D. Parke challenges believers to dig deeper, asking, "Is spiritual intimacy with God a memory, a reality, or a goal?" The Book of Job chronicles the ruin and recovery of the greatest sufferer before Jesus. To read it only after experiencing a tragedy, however, is itself a tragedy-a decision depriving readers of the essential lessons this Old Testament book teaches. Job's story addresses more than suffering and teaches more than patience or "rainy" day lessons. Its content encompasses the essence of life, integrating the best of times and the worst of times. When Life Meets the Soul examines the Book of Job in twenty-four responses, addressing the universal question: "How should I live? Parke's study of Job explains that to live well is to walk with God, whether on mountaintops or through valleys. His spiritual guide is designed for Christians and those seeking to pursue close encounters with God-without hesitation.

Emphasizing real-world examples, Komorita and Parks illustrate both the theoretical and the ecological relevance of social dilemmas, focusing on "exchange theory" to explain how conflicts are resolved. This book is appropriate for students of psychology, political science, and sociology.

Unlike clinical psychologists, social psychologists examine the group as a vehicle for interaction and performance. They are interested in such topics as how groups make decisions, how working with others influences individual performance, and how conflict arises and is resolved within and between groups.Group Performance and Interaction is the fir

Originally published in 1992, this volume provided an up-to-date overview of recent research concerning the links between family and peer systems. Considerable work in the past had focused on family issues or peer relationships, but these systems had typically been considered separately. This volume bridges the gap across these two important socialization contexts and provides insights into the processes that account for the links across the systems - the ways in which the relationships between these systems shift across development. In addition, the variations in the links between family and peers are illustrated by cross-cultural work, studies of abused children, and research on the impact of maternal depression. In short, the volume provides not only a convenient overview of recent progress at the time but lays out an agenda for future research.

In the 1990s it is no longer "news" that families do not operate independently from other social organizations and institutions. Instead, it is generally recognized that families are embedded in a complex set of relationships with other institutions and contexts outside the family. In spite of this recognition, a great deal remains to be discovered about the ways in which families are influenced by these outside agencies or how families influence the functioning of children and adults in these extra-familial settings--school, work, day-care, or peer group contexts. Moreover, little is known about the nature of the processes that account for this mutual influence between families and other societal institutions and settings. The goal of this volume is to present examples from a series of ongoing research programs that are beginning to provide some tentative answers to these questions. The result of a summer workshop characterized by lively exchanges not only between speakers and the audience, but among participants in small group discussions as well, this volume attempts to communicate some of the dynamism and excitement that was evident at the conference. In the final analysis, this book should stimulate further theoretical and empirical advances in understanding how families relate to other contexts.

Originally published in 1992, this volume provided an up-to-date overview of recent research concerning the links between family and peer systems. Considerable work in the past had focused on family issues or peer relationships, but these systems had typically been considered separately. This volume bridges the gap across these two important socialization contexts and provides insights into the processes that account for the links across the systems - the ways in which the relationships between these systems shift across development. In addition, the variations in the links between family and peers are illustrated by cross-cultural work, studies of abused children, and research on the impact of maternal depression. In short, the volume provides not only a convenient overview of recent progress at the time but lays out an agenda for future research.

Published in 1998, the impact of current organizational behaviour upon the environment and concern over the long term effects has become almost a household topic. There are a growing number of reference books which discuss the various aspects and importance of this matter, but they often do so in isolation from the environment, education, and training. In addition to this, little has been discussed about the inter-relationships between the various aspects of organizational behaviour and its impact on the environment. This book intends to bridge the gap. It discusses the importance of environmental education and training in three different disciplines: the legal aspects, financial implications, and managerial choices and decision-making.

In the 1990s it is no longer "news" that families do not operate independently from other social organizations and institutions. Instead, it is generally recognized that families are embedded in a complex set of relationships with other institutions and contexts outside the family. In spite of this recognition, a great deal remains to be discovered about the ways in which families are influenced by these outside agencies or how families influence the functioning of children and adults in these extra-familial settings--school, work, day-care, or peer group contexts. Moreover, little is known about the nature of the processes that account for this mutual influence between families and other societal institutions and settings. The goal of this volume is to present examples from a series of ongoing research programs that are beginning to provide some tentative answers to these questions.
The result of a summer workshop characterized by lively exchanges not only between speakers and the audience, but among participants in small group discussions as well, this volume attempts to communicate some of the dynamism and excitement that was evident at the conference. In the final analysis, this book should stimulate further theoretical and empirical advances in understanding how families relate to other contexts.

Children live in rapidly changing times that require them to constantly adapt to new economic, social, and cultural conditions. In this book, a distinguished, interdisciplinary group of scholars explores the issues faced by children in contemporary societies, such as discrimination in school and neighborhoods, the emergence of new family forms, the availability of new communication technologies, and economic hardship, as well as the stresses associated with immigration, war, and famine. The book applies a historical, cultural, and life-course developmental framework for understanding the factors that affect how children adjust to these challenges, and offers a new perspective on how changing historical circumstances alter children's developmental outcomes. It is ideal for researchers and graduate students in developmental and educational psychology or the sociology and anthropology of childhood.

The papers in this volume were delivered and responded to at the Third Conference of the International Society for the Study of Time. The meeting took place during sunny days, punctuated by an occasional brief storm, in the confer ence facilities of the OEsterreichisches College in Alpbach, Austria, from ]uly 1 to ]uly 10, 1976. In the middle of it came ]uly 4, the 200th anniversary of the Declaration ofindependence, and in honor ofparticipants from the United States there was a special session of papers on the subject of Freedom and Time. [See Fraser, Park in this volume. ] The effect of the papers was kaleidoscopic; reading the table of contents one can surmise the experience of those enthusiasts, and there were several, who heard them all. I think that most people who have been puzzled about time will agree that it is not clear wh at the puzzle is or from what direction the insights will come that will enable us to understand the situation a litde more clearly. As one of the participants wrote afterwards, "After all , we do not know apriori whether there exists areal unity in studies about time, but if one exists it must reveal itself progressively in the course of successive experiences such as these lectures. If it were easy to find, it would have been found already without the Society's help.

Children live in rapidly changing times that require them to constantly adapt to new economic, social, and cultural conditions. In this book, a distinguished, interdisciplinary group of scholars explores the issues faced by children in contemporary societies, such as discrimination in school and neighborhoods, the emergence of new family forms, the availability of new communication technologies, and economic hardship, as well as the stresses associated with immigration, war, and famine. The book applies a historical, cultural, and life-course developmental framework for understanding the factors that affect how children adjust to these challenges, and offers a new perspective on how changing historical circumstances alter children's developmental outcomes. It is ideal for researchers and graduate students in developmental and educational psychology or the sociology and anthropology of childhood.

Each generation of American children across the tumultuous 20th-century has come of age in a very different world. How do major historical events - such as war or the depression - influence children's development? Children in Time and Place brings together social historians and developmentalists to explore the implications of a changing society for children's growth and life chances. Transitions provide a central theme, from historical transitions to the social transitions of children and their developmental experiences. The book has two stories to tell, one about children growing up and coming of age in various times and places, and another about how collaboration worked across the disciplines of history and psychology. Children in Time and Place begins with studies that link historical and life transitions in children's lives, with an emphasis on wartime experience. It turns to studies of historical variation in the effect of life transitions, from the onset of sexual experience in girl's lives to the transition to fatherhood in boys, and it concludes by introducing the reader to the collaborative efforts involved in the workshop that led to the volume.

Unlike clinical psychologists, social psychologists examine the group as a vehicle for interaction and performance. They are interested in such topics as how groups make decisions, how working with others influences individual performance, and how conflict arises and is resolved within and between groups."Group Performance and Interaction" is the first textbook to address the many recent changes in the field of groups and group decisionmaking from a social psychological perspective. Incorporated in this introductory survey are the latest developments in groups research as well as discussions on computers and groups, groups in the workplace, and jury decisionmaking. The topics--touching on the disciplines of social and industrial/organizational psychology--are developed around the twin themes of interaction and performance, or groups engaged in activities.Students of psychology, communications, and management, at both the undergraduate and graduate level, will find "Group Performance and Interaction" to be an invaluable text.

Emphasizing real-world examples, Komorita and Parks illustrate both the theoretical and the ecological relevance of social dilemmas, focusing on "exchange theory" to explain how conflicts are resolved. This book is appropriate for students of psychology, political science, and sociology.

One of the key scientific challenges is the puzzle of human cooperation. Why do people cooperate? Why do people help strangers, even sometimes at a major cost to themselves? Why do people want to punish people who violate norms and undermine collective interests? This book is inspired by the fact that social dilemmas, defined in terms of conflicts between (often short-term) self-interest and (often longer-term) collective interest, are omnipresent. The book centers on two major themes. The first theme is the theoretical understanding of human cooperation: are people indeed other-regarding? The second theme is more practical, and perhaps normative: how can cooperation be promoted? This question is at the heart of the functioning of relationships, organizations, as well as the society as a whole. In capturing the breadth and relevance of social dilemmas and psychology of human cooperation, this book is structured in three parts. The first part focuses on the definition of social dilemmas, along with the historical development of scientific theorizing of human cooperation and the development of social dilemma as a game in which to study cooperation. The second part presents three chapters, each of which adopts a relatively unique perspective on human cooperation: an evolutionary perspective, a psychological perspective, and a cultural perspective. The third part focuses on applications of social dilemmas in domains as broad and important as management and organizations, environmental issues, politics, national security, and health. Social Dilemmas is strongly inspired by the notion that science is never finished. Each chapter therefore concludes with a discussion of two (or more) basic issues that are often inherently intriguing, and often need more research and theory. The concluding chapter outlines avenues for future directions.

The Hanged Man is the astonishing true story of a man surrounded by trauma and violence who is forced to become a superman in order to survive. The events that forge Ron Van Clief are brought on by harsh circumstances, fierce racism, and tragic choices, however Van Clief does not succumb to victimization. With an iron will, he becomes "The Black Dragon" the first black martial arts film star, and one of the greatest martial artists of all time. His determination to win - despite horrific odds-exacts a heavy toll and his life becomes a roller coaster ride with spectacular highs, devastating lows, and more than a few cliff-hangers. Ron's biography reads like a microcosm of the American experience in crisis. His father is so abusive that as a teenager Ron plots his murder. Only a few years later Ron is actually lynched by a gang of racists and left to die. In Vietnam he is forced to become a killing machine. On the Lower East Side of New York, drug lords try to gun down Ron and his child. He tears through countless unhappy relationships with women. He is by turns wealthy and homeless. There is serious damage inside, and one tragic loss still haunts him to this day. Despite these struggles, Ron miraculously attains excellence and fame being a man among men.

This book synthesizes research on groups from the fields of social psychology and clinical psychology and encourages collaboration among group researchers.   Researchers in group psychology and group psychotherapy rarely consider each other’s work, despite their clear areas of common interest. This book demonstrates how these separate but related lines of research can be used to inform and enrich each other. Led by two past presidents of APA’s Society of Group Psychology and Group Psychotherapy, this book features expert contributors who examine the interface between social or organizational research on groups and clinical research, as well as the application of findings in each area. They reveal that different kinds of groups are far more similar than they are different, and illustrate how group psychology as a line of inquiry and practice benefits from improved dialogue among its domains. For example, there is growing literature on how individual personality factors such as attachment can affect group processes and outcomes in group psychotherapy. Similarly, research on expectations of social inclusion and ostracism in groups has a long history in social psychology, and there is great potential for these areas of inquiry to inform future research in both clinical and social contexts.