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This third volume of American University Publications in Philos
ophy continues the tradition of presenting books in the series
shaping current frontiers and new directions in phi. osophical
reflection. In a period emerging from the neglect of creativity by
positivism, Professors Dutton and Krausz and their eminent
colleagues included in the collection challenge modern philosophy
to explore the concept of creativity in both scientific inquiry and
artistic production. In view of the fact that Professor Krausz
served at one time as Visiting Professor of Philosophy at The
American University we are especially pleased to include this
volume in the series. HAROLD A. DURFEE, for the editors of American
University Publications in Philosophy EDITORS' PREFACE While the
literature on the psychology of creativity is substantial,
surprisingly little attention has been paid to the subject by
philos ophers in recent years. This fact is no doubt owed in 'part
to the legacy of positivism, whose tenets have included a sharp
distinction between what Hans Reichenbach called the context of
discovery and the context of justification. Philosophy in this view
must address itself to the logic of justifying hypotheses; little
of philo sophical importance can be said about the more creative
business of discovering them. That, positivism has held, is no more
than a merely psychological question: since there is no logic of
discovery or creation, there can be no philosophical reconstruction
of it."
Among the most important, but frequently neglected, figures in the
history of debates over skepticism is Augustine of Hippo (354–430
CE). His early dialogue, Against the Academics, together with
substantial material from his other writings, constitutes a
sustained attempt to respond to the tradition of skepticism with
which he was familiar. This was the tradition of Academic
skepticism, which had its home in Plato's Academy and was
transmitted to the Roman world through the writings of Cicero
(106–43 BCE). Augustine and Academic Skepticism is the first
comprehensive treatment of Augustine’s critique of Academic
skepticism. In clear and accessible prose, Blake D. Dutton presents
that critique as a serious work of philosophy and engages with it
precisely as such.While Dutton provides an extensive review of
Academic skepticism and Augustine’s encounter with it, his
primary concern is to articulate and evaluate Augustine’s
strategy to discredit Academic skepticism as a philosophical
practice and vindicate the possibility of knowledge against the
Academic denial of that possibility. In doing so, he sheds
considerable light on Augustine’s views on philosophical inquiry
and the acquisition of knowledge.
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