Working from a cultural studies perspective, author D. K. Smith here examines a broad range of medieval and Renaissance maps and literary texts to explore the effects of geography on Tudor-Stuart cultural perceptions. He argues that the literary representation of cartographically-related material from the late fifteenth to the early seventeenth century demonstrates a new strain, not just of geographical understanding, but of cartographic manipulation, which he terms, "the cartographic imagination." Rather than considering the effects of maps themselves on early modern epistemologies, Smith considers the effects of the activity of mapping-the new techniques, the new expectations of accuracy and precision which developed in the sixteenth century-on the ways people thought and wrote. Looking at works by Spenser, Marlowe, Raleigh, and Marvell among other authors, he analyzes how the growing ability to represent physical space accurately brought with it not just a wealth of new maps, but a new array of rhetorical techniques, metaphors, and associations which allowed the manipulation of texts and ideas in ways never before possible.

Working from a cultural studies perspective, author D. K. Smith here examines a broad range of medieval and Renaissance maps and literary texts to explore the effects of geography on Tudor-Stuart cultural perceptions. He argues that the literary representation of cartographically-related material from the late fifteenth to the early seventeenth century demonstrates a new strain, not just of geographical understanding, but of cartographic manipulation, which he terms, "the cartographic imagination." Rather than considering the effects of maps themselves on early modern epistemologies, Smith considers the effects of the activity of mapping-the new techniques, the new expectations of accuracy and precision which developed in the sixteenth century-on the ways people thought and wrote. Looking at works by Spenser, Marlowe, Raleigh, and Marvell among other authors, he analyzes how the growing ability to represent physical space accurately brought with it not just a wealth of new maps, but a new array of rhetorical techniques, metaphors, and associations which allowed the manipulation of texts and ideas in ways never before possible.

Essays lay the groundwork for a theory of humour in Old English literature. Humour is rarely seen to raise its indecorous head in the surviving corpus of Old English literature, yet the value of reading that literature with an eye to humour proves considerable when the right questions are asked. Humourin Anglo-Saxon Literature provides the first book-length treatment of the subject. In all new essays, eight scholars employ different approaches to explore humor in such works as Beowulf and The Battle of Maldon, the riddles of the Exeter Book, and Old English saints' lives. An introductory essay provides a survey of the field, while individual essays push towards a distinctive theory of Anglo-Saxon humour. Through its unusual focus, this collection will provide an appealing introduction to both famous and lesser-known works for those new to Old English literature, while those familiar with the usual contours of Old English literary criticism will find here the value of a fresh approach. Contributors: JOHN D. NILES, T.A. SHIPPEY, RAYMOND P. TRIPP JR, E.L. RISDEN, D.K. SMITH, NINA RULON-MILLER, SHARI HORNER, HUGH MAGENNIS. JONATHAN WILCOX is Associate Professor of English at the University of Iowa and editor of the Old English Newsletter. Although the question of humour in the surviving corpus of Old English literature has rarely been discussed, the potential for analyzing this literature in terms of its humor is in fact considerable. In the essays especially commissioned for this volume, the first book-length treatment of Anglo-Saxon humor, eight of the foremost scholars in the field use different approaches to explore humor in the surviving literature of Anglo-Saxon England, in such works as Beowulf and The Battle of Maldon, the riddles of the Exeter book, and Old English saints' lives. The articles are prefaced with an introduction surveying the field. Through its unusual focus, this collection will provide an appealing introduction to both famous and lesser-known works for those new to Old English literature, while those familiar with theusual contours of Old English literary criticism will find here the value of a fresh approach. JONATHAN WILCOX is Associate Professor of English at the University of Iowa and editor of the Old English Newsletter.

Deane K. Smith Department of Geosciences The Pennsylvania State University Computer automation of x-ray powder diffraction has been one of the dominant topics of this conference for many years. In fact, the first description of such instrumentation dates back to 1967, Rex (1). The modern instruments are considerably more sophisticated than this early unit, but the goals of automation are essentially unchanged. They are to obtain better data at a faster rate with less effort than is possible with manual instrumentation. Indeed "laziness is the mother of invention. " The emphasis of most of the papers on automation has been tm-lard hardware-controlling systems and aC,"lieving accurate d values and good intensities for effective phase identification and phase characterization. Tests of good data include successful pattern searching and matching. Indexing by computer methods or accurate lattice parameters through least-squares fitting procedures with resulting small residuals is a good test of d value accuracy. Intensity accuracy is much harder to test unless a theoretical data set is available. In most of the reported studies, the emphasis has been more on the data acquisition than on the specific problems to which the data is to be applied. In organizing this plenary session, an attempt was made to focus on applications, especially those which are at the forefront of materials studies. In addition many other applications papers were encouraged with the result that a good variety of such topics are included in the program this year.

Dr Smith here presents essential mathematical and computational ideas of network optimisation for senior undergraduate and postgraduate students in mathematics, computer science and operational research. He shows how algorithms can be used for finding optimal paths and flows, identifying trees in networks, and optimal matching. Later chapters discuss postman and salesperson tours, and demonstrate how many network problems are related to the minimal-cost feasible-flow problem. Techniques are presented both informally and with mathematical rigour and aspects of computation, especially of complexity, have been included. Numerous examples and diagrams illustrate the techniques and applications. The book also includes problem exercises with tutorial hints.
Presents essential mathematical and computational ideas of network optimisation for senior undergraduate and postgraduate students in mathematics, computer science and operational researchDemonstrates how algorithms can be used for finding optimal paths and flows, identifying trees in networks and optimal matchingNumerous examples and diagrams illustrate the techniques and applications"

"Performance begins with focusing on outcomes instead of activities. In my experience, most people in most organizations most of the time do the reverse. They concentrate their efforts on the pursuit of activities instead of outcomes. As a result, they rarely set or achieve performance results that matter."

Today's performance challenges demand outcomes—both financial and nonfinancial—that must simultaneously benefit customers, shareholders, employees, and management. Therein lies a cycle of sustainable performance that functions as a framework to ensure your organization's goals are set, met, and balanced for today's business world.

Make Success Measurable! enables you to avoid activity-based goals that can go on indefinitely, and articulate aggressive outcome-based goals that are specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound.

This is a how-to book, emphasizing outcomes as opposed to actions in setting goals. You'll learn how to: Set goals that matter to customers, shareholders, and funders. Set nonfinancial as well as financial goals and link them together. Understand and use outcome-based goals that support success while avoiding activity-based goals that produce failure. Select and use management disciplines needed to achieve your goals. Smith provides the what's and why's behind today's performance challenges and shows how to convert them into measurable concrete achievements.

Using an innovative approach, Smith divides each chapter into an explanatory Mindbook section and a practice Workbook section. The Mindbook sections provide descriptions and explain key concepts, frameworks, tools, and techniques. They seek to build your intellectual understanding of how to set and achieve the performance goals that matter.

The Workbook sections include detailed examples and exercises that you and your colleagues can use to practice the concepts, tools, and techniques put forth in the Mindbook section. Workbook exercises allow you to convert understanding into action—and action into results! "Doug Smith's work on performance and measurement has been an invaluable management resource for us. We believe that if you can't measure it, you can't improve it. Thanks to Doug, we can focus on the right measures to drive performance against today's many new and different challenges throughout our enterprise."—Leon Gorman, President, L.L. Bean, Inc.

"Make Success Measurable! is a practical and powerful step-by-step guide to setting and achieving the goals we all need to accomplish in a constantly changing and challenging world."—Charles Dolan, Chairman, Cablevision Systems Corporation.

"No one writes as clearly about today's key management issues as Doug Smith. Whether you're in a small eCommerce startup or a large, already established organization, the frameworks, tools, techniques, and exercises contained in this book are the only things you'll need to manage the performance that matters to your customers, your people, and your shareholders."—Steve Goldstein, CEO, eChores and former CEO, American Express Bank.

"Achieving results that matter—to donors and clients—is the true measure of success for any nonprofit organization. This book provides a thoughtful and extremely practical guide for setting goals and effectively meeting them. It is an absolutely indispensable tool for leaders and a model for good management."—Jenna Dorn, President, National Museum of Health.

Quickly acquire the knowledge and skills you need to confidently administer, score, and interpret individual achievement tests

Essentials of Individual Achievement Assessment covers the achievement tests used in educational planning, transitional programming for students with disabilities, and career/vocational planning–including the major individually administered tests such as the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test (WIAT®-II), Kaufman Test of Educational Achievement (K-TEA), Peabody Individual Achievement Test-Revised (PIAT-R), and the Wide Range Achievement Test-3 (WRAT3™). To use these tests properly, professionals need an authoritative source of advice and guidance on how to administer, score, and interpret them. Written by school psychologist Douglas K. Smith, Essentials of Individual Achievement Assessment is that source.

Like all the volumes in the Essentials of Psychological Assessment series, this book is designed to help busy mental health professionals quickly acquire the knowledge and skills they need to make optimal use of major psychological assessment instruments. Each concise chapter features numerous callout boxes highlighting key concepts, bulleted points, and extensive illustrative material, as well as test questions that help you gauge and reinforce your grasp of the information covered.

Essentials of Individual Achievement Assessment provides step-by-step guidance on test administration, scoring, and interpretation. As well, the author provides his expert assessment of the tests’ relative strengths and weaknesses, valuable advice on their clinical applications, and several illuminating case reports.

Other titles in the Essentials of Psychological Assessment series:

Essentials of WJ IIITM Tests of Achievement Assessment
Essentials of WJ IIITM Cognitive Abilities Assessment
Essentials of Career Interest Assessment
Essentials of WISC-III® and WPPSI-R® Assessment
Essentials of Cross-Battery Assessment
Essentials of Nonverbal Assessment
Essentials of Cognitive Assessment with KAIT and Other Kaufman Measures
Essentials of NEPSY® Assessment

For a complete list of books in our Essentials of Psychological Assessment series, visit us on the Web at: www.essentials.wiley.com