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A. POLJAKOFF-MAYBER and J. GALE The response of plants to saline
environments is of interest to people of many disciplines. In
agriculture the problem of salinity becomes more severe every year
as the non-saline soils and the non-saline waters become more
intensively and more extensively exploited. Further expansion of
agriculture must consider the cultivation of saline soils and the
use of water with a relatively high content of soluble, salts.
Moreover, industrial development in many countries is causing
severe water pollution, especially of rivers, and mismanagement in
agriculture often induces secondary salinization of soils and
sources of irrigation water. From the point of view of agriculture
it is, therefore, of the utmost importance to know the various
responses of plants to salinity and to understand the nature of the
damage caused by salinity to agricultural crops. Botanists and
plant physiologists study plants, their form, growth, metabolism
and response to external stimuli. A challenging problem for them is
to understand the differences between glycophytes, plants growing
in a non-saline environment and halophytes, plants which normally
grow in salt marshes, in sea water or in saline soils. This
includes the elucidation of structural and functional adaptations
which enable halophytes to tolerate the saline environment, and
also questions as to whether they only tolerate the saline
environment or actually thrive in it. Ecologists and
environmentalists are interested in the interrelationships be tween
the organism, in this case the plant, and its environment, from the
climatic, edaphic and biotic points of view."
In keeping with the spirit of an Advanced Series in the
Agricultural Sciences, we have attempted to address herein most of
the current research areas being used to characterize, describe and
manage salt-affected soils. Because of a certain amount of personal
bias inherent in our individual viewpoints and backgrounds, some
areas have been accorded more emphasis than others. It has been our
goal, however, to provide either detail about, or at least a recent
reference to, each major area of current soil salinity research.
This information, coupled with what we hope to be a rather logical
progression from descriptive material on equilibrium or
near-equilibrium soil chemistry, through transport processes, to
eventual management practices including some elementary economic
decisions, should enable the reader to bridge the gap from
introductory soil chemistry or soil physics texts to the basic
literature of this area. The text will be perceived by the astute
reader as somewhat uneven in its treatment of respective sections.
We feel that this is to a certain extent appropriate, for it thus
portrays the unevenness of progress to date in the corresponding
areas of research. The management of saline and sodic soils remains
largely an empirical semi-science or even art, whereas transport
phenomena are normally dealt with in a much more theoretical (and
also a much more highly mathematical) vein. Equilibrium soil
chemistry has historically occupied an intermediate position with
respect to its mix of empiricism and theoretical rigor.
Identity theft regency style. Funny. Sexy. Cross Dressing. Not your
mother's Regency Romance. After the death of her miserly cousin
Antony North, Millicent Boarder is determined her family should
never be poor or vulnerable again. To protect them she conceals her
cousin's death and assumes his identity. Now she must face the Ton
and the world as Mr. North and accept the price she must pay for
her family's safety -- she will never be loved. Which means, of
course, at this point she will meet the perfect man.
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