Molecular manipulation of nano- and microstructures paves the way to produce organic polymer materials by design. Such architectures comprise both the synthesis and the kinetics and thermodynamics of macromolecular organization and is the theme of this volume. The book consists of four articles reviewing living polymerization to produce precisely defined linear polyesters, comparing them to other living polymerization techniques. The articles also deal with the synthesis of polymeric dendrimers, either by the convergent or divergent approach; block copolymers synthesis, to define micromorphology in high performance polymers; and thereby tailoring their thermal, chemical, mechanical and dielectrical properties, and finally kinetics and thermodynamics for microstructural organization in macroporous thermosets.