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In Rationalities in History the distinguished historian David
d'Avray writes a new comparative history in the spirit of Max
Weber. In a strikingly original reassessment of seminal Weberian
ideas, d'Avray applies value rationality to the comparative history
of religion and the philosophy of law. Integrating theories of
rational choice, anthropological reflections on relativism, and the
recent philosophy of rationality with Weber's conceptual framework,
d'Avray seeks to disengage 'rationalisation' from its enduring
association with Western 'modernity'. This mode of analysis is
contextualised through the examples of Buddhism, Imperial China and
sixteenth-century Catholicism - in the latter case building upon
unpublished archival research. This ambitious synthesis of social
theory and comparative history will engage social scientists and
historians from advanced undergraduate level upwards, stimulating
interdisciplinary discourse, and making a significant contribution
to the methodology of history. D'Avray explores the potential of
this new Weberian analysis further in his companion volume,
Medieval Religious Rationalities.
Why did bishops turn to the papacy for advice in late Antiquity?
And what does the reception of these decretals reveal about the
legal and religious culture of the mid-thirteenth century? This
interpretative volume seeks to explain the first decretal age of
late antiquity, placing the increased demand for papal
jurisprudence - long before it exerted its influence through
religious fear - within its social broad context. D. L. d'Avray
then traces the reception of this jurisprudence through to the
mid-thirteenth century, and the post-Gratian decretal age. Along
the way he explores the role of Charlemagne and 'Pseudo-Isidore',
which included many genuine early decretals alongside forged ones.
Similarities between the Latin world c. 400 and c. 1200 thus help
explain parallels between the two decretal ages. This book also
analyses decretals from both ages in chapters on pagan marriages,
clerics in minor orders, and episcopal elections. For both ages the
relation between canon law and other religious genres is
elucidated, demonstrating many fascinating parallels and
connections.
How did the papacy govern European religious life without a proper
bureaucracy and the normal resources of a state? From late
Antiquity, papal responses were in demand. The 'apostolic see' took
over from Roman emperors the discourse and demeanour of a religious
ruler of the Latin world. Over the centuries, it acquired
governmental authority analogous to that of a secular state –
except that it lacked powers of physical enforcement, a solid
financial base (aside from short periods) and a bureaucracy as
defined by Max Weber. Through the discipline of Applied
Diplomatics, which investigates the structures and settings of
documents to solve substantive historical problems, The Power of
Protocol explores how such a demand for papal services was met. It
is about the genesis and structure of papal documents – a key to
papal history generally – from the Roman empire to after the
Council of Trent in the sixteenth century, and is the only book of
its kind.
Dissolving Royal Marriages adopts a unique chronological and
geographical perspective to present a comparative overview of royal
divorce cases from the Middle Ages through to the Reformation
period. Drawing from original translations of key source documents,
the book sheds new light on some of the most prominent and elite
divorce proceedings in Western history, including Henry VIII's
divorce from Catherine of Aragon. The comprehensive commentary that
accompanies these materials allows readers to grasp, for the first
time, how the constructs of canon law helped shape the legal
arguments on which specific cases were founded, and better
understand the events that actually unfolded in the courtrooms. In
his case-by-case exploration of elaborate witness statements,
extensive legal negotiations and political wrangling, d'Avray shows
us how little the canonical law for the dissolution of marriage
changed over time in this fascinating new study of Church-state
relations and papal power over princes.
Dissolving Royal Marriages adopts a unique chronological and
geographical perspective to present a comparative overview of royal
divorce cases from the Middle Ages through to the Reformation
period. Drawing from original translations of key source documents,
the book sheds new light on some of the most prominent and elite
divorce proceedings in Western history, including Henry VIII's
divorce from Catherine of Aragon. The comprehensive commentary that
accompanies these materials allows readers to grasp, for the first
time, how the constructs of canon law helped shape the legal
arguments on which specific cases were founded, and better
understand the events that actually unfolded in the courtrooms. In
his case-by-case exploration of elaborate witness statements,
extensive legal negotiations and political wrangling, d'Avray shows
us how little the canonical law for the dissolution of marriage
changed over time in this fascinating new study of Church-state
relations and papal power over princes.
In Rationalities in History the distinguished historian David
d'Avray writes a new comparative history in the spirit of Max
Weber. In a strikingly original reassessment of seminal Weberian
ideas, d'Avray applies value rationality to the comparative history
of religion and the philosophy of law. Integrating theories of
rational choice, anthropological reflections on relativism, and the
recent philosophy of rationality with Weber's conceptual framework,
d'Avray seeks to disengage 'rationalisation' from its enduring
association with Western 'modernity'. This mode of analysis is
contextualised through the examples of Buddhism, Imperial China and
sixteenth-century Catholicism - in the latter case building upon
unpublished archival research. This ambitious synthesis of social
theory and comparative history will engage social scientists and
historians from advanced undergraduate level upwards, stimulating
interdisciplinary discourse, and making a significant contribution
to the methodology of history. D'Avray explores the potential of
this new Weberian analysis further in his companion volume,
Medieval Religious Rationalities.
Inspired by the social theories of Max Weber, David d'Avray asks in
what senses medieval religion was rational and, in doing so,
proposes a new approach to the study of the medieval past. Applying
ideas developed in his companion volume on Rationalities in
History, he explores how values, instrumental calculation, legal
formality and substantive rationality interact and the ways in
which medieval beliefs were strengthened by their mutual
connections, by experience, and by mental images. He sheds new
light on key themes and figures in medieval religion ranging from
conversion, miracles and the ideas of Bernard of Clairvaux to
Trinitarianism, papal government and Francis of Assisi's
charismatic authority. This book shows how values and instrumental
calculation affect each other in practice and demonstrates the ways
in which the application of social theory can be used to generate
fresh empirical research as well as new interpretative insights.
Inspired by the social theories of Max Weber, David d'Avray asks in
what senses medieval religion was rational and, in doing so,
proposes a new approach to the study of the medieval past. Applying
ideas developed in his companion volume on Rationalities in
History, he explores how values, instrumental calculation, legal
formality and substantive rationality interact and the ways in
which medieval beliefs were strengthened by their mutual
connections, by experience, and by mental images. He sheds new
light on key themes and figures in medieval religion ranging from
conversion, miracles and the ideas of Bernard of Clairvaux to
Trinitarianism, papal government and Francis of Assisi's
charismatic authority. This book shows how values and instrumental
calculation affect each other in practice and demonstrates the ways
in which the application of social theory can be used to generate
fresh empirical research as well as new interpretative insights.
This is a study of medieval de mortuis sermons in memory of kings
and princes. It examines medieval kingship and attitudes to death,
and identifies a period in which this-wordly and other-wordly
interests were held in a relatively stable equilibrium. David
d'Avray's conclusions are based on unpublished medieval sermons
from fourteenth century Europe. After an outline of the genre's
development, he argues that the portrayal of individual
personalities seemed to convey a message about kingship. The
message is shown to be much the same as that of fifteenth century
humanist preaching so far as the "external goods" of wealth and
nobility are concerned. Aristotelian influence enhances the secular
character of the ideology. The secularity, however, is harmoniously
balanced by a more predictable emphasis on death and the afterlife.
Furthermore, in drawing this balance the sermons are representative
of an outlook widely current in the real world of a fourteenth
century kingship. Death and the Prince mixes political history with
history of mentalities in an original and scholarly study. The
relation of its argument to recent French and German historiography
is spelled out, and critical transcriptions of a significant
selection of unpublished sources are appended.
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