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This study focuses on the metaphysics of the great Arabic
philosopher Avicenna (or Ibn Sina, d. 1037 C.E.). More
specifically, it delves into Avicenna's theory of quiddity or
essence, a topic which seized the attention of thinkers both during
the medieval and modern periods. Building on recent contributions
in Avicennian studies, this book proposes a new and comprehensive
interpretation of Avicenna's theory of 'the pure quiddity' (also
known as 'the quiddity in itself') and of its ontology. The study
provides a careful philological analysis of key passages gleaned
from the primary sources in Arabic and a close philosophical
contextualization of Avicenna's doctrines in light of the legacy of
ancient Greek philosophy in Islam and the early development of
Arabic philosophy (falsafah) and theology (kalam). The study pays
particular attention to how Avicenna's theory of quiddity relates
to the ancient Greek philosophical discussion about the universals
or common things and Mu'tazilite ontology. Its main thesis is that
Avicenna articulated a sophisticated doctrine of the ontology of
essence in light of Greek and Bahshamite sources, which decisively
shaped subsequent intellectual history in Islam and the Latin West.
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