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The German philosopher, Johann Gottlieb Fichte (1762 - 1814), has
long been recognized as an important and original figure in the
history of philosophy and Western thought and as a seminal
influence upon the Romantic tradition. The essays in this book
focus on Fichte's contributions in political theory as set out in
his Foundations of Natural Right. Fichte was notorious as a
political radical and his ideas in political theory proved to be
decisive influences upon his contemporaries and of striking
relevance to current political dispute. This volume of essays,
which examine such issues as Fichte as a social contract theorist,
his theory of gender relations, and his theories on punishment and
the criminal law among many other topics, remedies what has been a
striking lacuna in the existing scholarly literature.
The German philosopher, Johann Gottlieb Fichte, has long been
recognized as an important and original figure in the history of
philosophy and Western thought and as a seminal influence upon the
Romantic tradition. This book focuses on Fichte's contributions in
political theory as set out in his Foundations of Natural Right.
The essays, which examine such issues as Fichte as a social
contract theorist, his theory of gender relations and his theories
on punishment and the criminal law among many other topics, remedy
what has been a striking lacuna in the existing scholarly
literature.
This volume is a collection of previously unpublished papers
dealing with the neglected "phenomenological" dimension of the
philosophy of Johann Gottlieb Fichte, which it compares and
contrasts to the phenomenology of his contemporary Georg Wilhelm
Friedrich Hegel and to those of Edmund Husserl and his 20th century
followers. Issues discussed include a comparision of the early
phenomenological method in Fichte and Hegel with the classical
phenomenological method in Husserl, Heidegger and Sartre, as well
as special topics, namely the problem of self-consciousness and
intersubjectivity, very important in Fichte's trancendental
philosophy of the Wissenschaftslehre but discussed as well in 20th
century phenomenology. Fichte can be said to have invented the
theory of intersubjectivity that was first developed by Hegel and
then by Husserl, Sartre or Ricoeur. Fichte can also be said to have
in fact promoted a theory of intentionality based on tendencies,
drives, purposes and will, that got a modern shape and language by
Husserl and his followers. And even the deduction of the human body
in Fichte's practical parts of the Wissenschaftslehre prepares the
path for modern twentieth century theories of body, feeling and
mind.
Fichte's System of Ethics, published in 1798, is at once the most
accessible presentation of its author's comprehensive philosophical
project, The Science of Knowledge or Wissenschaftslehre, and the
most important work in moral philosophy written between Kant and
Hegel. Fichte's ethics integrates the discussion of our moral
duties into the systematic framework of a transcendental theory of
the human subject. Its major philosophical themes include the
practical nature of self-consciousness, the relation between reason
and volition, the essential role of the drives in human willing,
the possibility of changing the natural world, the reality of one's
own body, the reality of other human beings, and the practical
necessity of social relations between human beings. This volume
offers a new translation of the work together with an introduction
that sets it in its philosophical and historical contexts.
This volume is a collection of previously unpublished papers
dealing with the neglected "phenomenological" dimension of the
philosophy of Johann Gottlieb Fichte, which it compares and
contrasts to the phenomenology of his contemporary Georg Wilhelm
Friedrich Hegel and to those of Edmund Husserl and his 20th century
followers. Issues discussed include a comparision of the early
phenomenological method in Fichte and Hegel with the classical
phenomenological method in Husserl, Heidegger and Sartre, as well
as special topics, namely the problem of self-consciousness and
intersubjectivity, very important in Fichte's trancendental
philosophy of the Wissenschaftslehre but discussed as well in 20th
century phenomenology. Fichte can be said to have invented the
theory of intersubjectivity that was first developed by Hegel and
then by Husserl, Sartre or Ricoeur. Fichte can also be said to have
in fact promoted a theory of intentionality based on tendencies,
drives, purposes and will, that got a modern shape and language by
Husserl and his followers. And even the deduction of the human body
in Fichte's practical parts of the Wissenschaftslehre prepares the
path for modern twentieth century theories of body, feeling and
mind.
The four early essays in Untimely Meditations are key documents for understanding the development of Nietzsche's thought and clearly anticipate many of his later writings. They deal with such broad topics as the relationship between popular and genuine culture, strategies for cultural reform, the task of philosophy, the nature of education, and the relationship among art, science and life. This new edition presents R. J. Hollingdale's translation of the essays and a new introduction by Daniel Breazeale, who places them in their historical context and discusses their significance for Nietzsche's philosophy.
The Wissenschaftslehre or "doctrine of science" was the great
achievement of the German idealist philosopher J. G. Fichte. Daniel
Breazeale presents accessible new translations of three works in
which Fichte developed this philosophical system. The centerpiece
of this volume is a new English translation of Fichte's only
full-scale presentation of the principles of his philosophy, the
Foundation of the Entire Wissenschaftslehre (1794/95). Accompanying
this are new translations of the work in which Fichte first
publicly introduced his new system, Concerning the Concept of the
Wissenschaftslehre (1794) and the Outline of what is Distinctive of
the Wissenschaftslehre with respect to the Theoretical Power
(1795), which was intended as a companion to the Foundation. In
addition Breazeale includes the transcripts of Fichte's unpublished
"Zurich lectures" on his system (1794), translated here for the
first time in English. Breazeale supplements his translations with
an extensive historical and systematic introduction, detailed
outlines of the contents and structure of the Foundation and
Outline, and copious scholarly annotation of the translated texts,
helping to orient readers who may otherwise find themselves lost in
the wilderness of Fichte's complex "derivations."
Fichte's System of Ethics, published in 1798, is at once the most
accessible presentation of its author's comprehensive philosophical
project, The Science of Knowledge or Wissenschaftslehre, and the
most important work in moral philosophy written between Kant and
Hegel. Fichte's ethics integrates the discussion of our moral
duties into the systematic framework of a transcendental theory of
the human subject. Its major philosophical themes include the
practical nature of self-consciousness, the relation between reason
and volition, the essential role of the drives in human willing,
the possibility of changing the natural world, the reality of one's
own body, the reality of other human beings, and the practical
necessity of social relations between human beings. This volume
offers a new translation of the work together with an introduction
that sets it in its philosophical and historical contexts.
These selections provide a brief but comprehensive introduction to
Fichte's philosophical system and his place in the history of
German Idealism. In addition to some of Fichte's most influential
texts, such as the First and Second Introductions to the
Wissenschaftslehre and The Basis of Our Belief in a Divine
Governance of the World, Breazeale has translated, for the first
time into English, several other writings from the same period,
including Attempt at a New Presentation of the Wissenschaftslehre,
Other short essays, including Fichte's replies to the charge of
atheism, extend the discussions of the Introductions and respond to
criticisms. Breazeale's substantial Introduction supplies the
context needed for a sound appreciation of Fichte's enterprise and
achievement.
"This work is a model of what a philosophical text should
be."—Reinhard Lauth "Breazeale's translation is fluent, precise,
and perhaps most important of all... it is readable.... This is an
excellent translation by the ranking Fichte scholar working in
English at present, accompanied by a full, useful scholarly
apparatus, likely to be of interest to Fichte scholars and all
those concerned with the development of German idealism."—Review
of Metaphysics "The publishing of this volume in English...
provides us with a wealth of new material, not just about Fichte's
development, but about the essentially Cartesian project that first
gave rise to phenomenology in our own century."—International
Philosophical Quarterly
The four early essays in Untimely Meditations are key documents for understanding the development of Nietzsche's thought and clearly anticipate many of his later writings. They deal with such broad topics as the relationship between popular and genuine culture, strategies for cultural reform, the task of philosophy, the nature of education, and the relationship among art, science and life. This new edition presents R. J. Hollingdale's translation of the essays and a new introduction by Daniel Breazeale, who places them in their historical context and discusses their significance for Nietzsche's philosophy.
"This work is a model of what a philosophical text should be."
Reinhard Lauth "Breazeale's translation is fluent, precise, and
perhaps most important of all . . . it is readable. . . . This is
an excellent translation by the ranking Fichte scholar working in
English at present, accompanied by a full, useful scholarly
apparatus, likely to be of interest to Fichte scholars and all
those concerned with the development of German idealism." Review of
Metaphysics "The publishing of this volume in English . . .
provides us with a wealth of new material, not just about Fichte's
development, but about the essentially Cartesian project that first
gave rise to phenomenology in our own century." International
Philosophical Quarterly"
These selections provide a brief but comprehensive introduction to
Fichte's philosophical system and his place in the history of
German Idealism. In addition to some of Fichte's most influential
texts, such as the First and Second Introductions to the
Wissenschaftslehre and The Basis of Our Belief in a Divine
Governance of the World, Breazeale has translated, for the first
time into English, several other writings from the same period,
including Attempt at a New Presentation of the Wissenschaftslehre,
Other short essays, including Fichte's replies to the charge of
atheism, extend the discussions of the Introductions and respond to
criticisms. Breazeale's substantial Introduction supplies the
context needed for a sound appreciation of Fichte's enterprise and
achievement.
Kant, Fichte, and the Legacy of Transcendental Idealism contains
ten new essays by leading and rising scholars from the United
States, Europe, and Asia who explore the historical development and
conceptual contours of Kantian and post-Kantian philosophy. The
collection begins with a set of comparative essays centered on
Kant's transcendental idealism, placing special stress on the
essentials of Kant's moral theory, the metaphysical outlook bound
up with it, and the conception of the legitimate role of religion
supported by it. The spotlight then shifts to the post-Kantian
period, in a series of essays exploring a variety of angles on
Fichte's pivotal role: his uncompromising constructivism, his
overarching conception of the philosophical project, and his
radical accounts of the nature of reason and the constitution of
meaning. In the remaining essays, the focus falls on German
idealism after Fichte, with particular attention to Jacobi's
critique of idealism as "nihilism," Schelling's development of an
idealistic philosophy of nature, and Hegel's development of an
all-encompassing idealistic "science of logic." The collection,
edited by Halla Kim and Steven Hoeltzel, will be of great value to
scholars interested in Kant, Fichte, German idealism, post-Kantian
philosophy, European philosophy, or the history of ideas.
The career of J. G. Fichte, a central figure in German idealism and
in the history of philosophy, divides into two distinct phases: the
first period, in which he occupied the chair of critical philosophy
at the University of Jena (1794-1799); and the following period,
after he left Jena for Berlin. Due in part to the inaccessibility
of the German texts, Fichte scholarship in the English-speaking
world has tended to focus on the Jena period, neglecting the
development of this major thinker's mature development. The essays
collected in this book begin to correct this imbalance. Concerned
in a variety of ways with Fichte's post-Jena philosophy, these
essays by distinguished and emerging scholars demonstrate the depth
and breadth of Fichte scholarship being done in English.
With an introduction that locates the essays in philosophical and
historical terms, the book divides into three related categories:
Fichte's development, his view of religion, and other aspects of
his "popular" (or not-so-popular) philosophy. From a wide range of
perspectives, the essays show how Fichte's later development
reflects the philosophical concerns of his time, the specific
debates in which he engaged, and the complex events of his
philosophical career.
Written for a general audience during a period of intense
controversy in the German philosophical community, J. G. Fichte s
short book "The Vocation of Man" (1800) is both an introduction to
and a defense of his philosophical system, and is one of the
best-known contributions to German Idealism. This collection of new
essays reflects a wide and instructive variety of philosophical and
hermeneutic approaches, which combine to cast new light upon Fichte
s familiar text. The contributors highlight some of the overlooked
complexities and implications of "The Vocation of Man" and situate
it firmly within the intellectual context within which it was
originally written, relating it to the positions of Kant, Hegel,
Schelling, Schlegel, Jacobi, and others. In addition, the essays
relate the text to issues of contemporary concern such as the
limits of language, the character of rational agency, the problem
of evil, the relation of theoretical knowledge to practical belief,
and the dialectic of judgment."
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