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The Operational Energy textbook provides military officers the
knowledge and skills to effectively plan for the operational energy
needs of their forces and missions. After completion, students
should be able to carry out relevant analysis, planning and
strategy across the Services and organizations of the US national
security enterprise. The Pentagon defines Operational Energy (OE)
as "energy required for training, moving, and sustaining military
forces and weapons platforms for military operations." Planning and
strategizing for these energy needs is an integral part of all
combat and regular operations. Energy is one of the biggest
constraints and at the same time most important enablers of ability
to fulfill military missions. Moreover, proper operational energy
strategies and tactics can reduce casualties and save lives. The
most recent example is that fuel and water delivery missions
accounted for more than one-tenth of the US military casualties in
Iraq and Afghanistan. The book also examines issues that have not
been discussed in previously published academic or policy
literature, such as the impact of civilian demands for the military
to use increased amounts of renewable energy as well as threats
from the use of civilian supply chains for energy supplies. The US
military is the largest consumer of energy in the US federal
government. In light of this, many US public officials as part of
their drive to promote greater use of renewable energy and
reduction of climate altering emissions, may require that the
military fuel mix include significant amounts of renewable energy
and that the military reduce its carbon emissions. Accordingly, the
book will examine how the US armed forces can adjust to these
rising public demands, while still fulfilling its military mission.
The book will also look at the security challenges of use of
civilian supply chains. The US military procures most of its energy
from civilian suppliers. In 2019, the US military purchased 49
percent of its fuel supplies from outside the United States,
including in Asia and the Middle East. As the Covid-19 challenge
revealed, critical US supply lines depend on production in China
and other US adversaries. Washington recently initiated policies to
reduce US vulnerability to supply disruptions of critical materials
and products through reducing exposure to needs of products and
materials produced in China and other countries. The implementation
of these initiatives will require new strategies and policies for
the US military to meet its energy needs securely.
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