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Cotton fibres contain naturally occurring non-cellulosic materials
such as sugars, wax, metals and other organic species that may
influence fibre characteristics, i.e. physical and chemical
properties, yarn processing efficiency as well as product quality.
Chemical and physical tests were conducted on raw cottons from
different growing areas of Pakistan to determine the effect of
different depositions of these materials on fibre properties,
spinning performance and yarn properties. The present research
study was planned to explore the location's effect upon the
non-cellulosic content of raw cotton and its ultimate effect on end
product. In this concern four different growing areas (Multan,
Bahawalpur, Rahim Yar Khan and Faisalabad), four cotton varieties
CIM-473, CIM496, NIAB-111 and NIAB-999 with four micronaire values
(4.4,4.6, 4.8 and5.0) were analyzed for wax, alcohol extractable,
residual sugars, fibre ash contents and light metal content.
Determined values were correlated to spinning consistency. Highly
significant results were observed in respect of different
locations, varieties and micronaire values.
Zinnia (Zinnia elegans) is a diverse genera of family Asteraceae
having both annual and perennials nature with spreading to erect
growing habit, bearing beautiful flowers of diverse colors. It is
very attractive ornamental due to wide variation in plant height,
flower size, shape and color. It stands prominent among other
summer annuals due to the elegance of size, shape, color, long
blooming period, drought resistance, fast growth, easy propagation
and minimum labor requirement. Without flowers and ornamentals the
world would not have been as beautiful, as charming and as
cherishing as it is today. It is an art in the aesthetic sense and
also used after the harvesting as a cut flower.
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