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This volume presents the results of the first 10 years of
archaeological investigation at Wellington Quarry, Herefordshire.
During this time a regionally unique archaeological and
palaeoenvironmental sequence was recorded covering nearly 8000
years of interrelated human activity and landscape change in the
Lower Lugg Valley. Starting with use by Mesolithic
hunter-gatherers, the heavily wooded floodplain witnessed periods
of sporadic occupation and activity throughout early prehistory. A
mid 4th millennium BC pit group provided a detailed insight into a
wide range of seasonally based activities, while later funerary
deposits included a wealthy Beaker burial. From the start of the
2nd millennium BC, an increasingly open and cleared landscape
existed beyond the floodplain, on which activity was evidenced by
occasional finds from former watercourses. Ritual deposition of
human remains and artefacts in the later prehistoric period
included a rare Iron Age double inhumation, though by this time a
more settled and farmed landscape had emerged. By the 2nd century
AD, a streamside settlement had been established. Expansion and
intensification of this settlement led to the construction, by the
4th century, of one or more well-appointed stone buildings
indicating that at least some of the inhabitants lived a highly
Romanised lifestyle, rare on rural sites in this region. The
settlement was abandoned by the late 4th to early 5th century but,
until at least the 12th to 14th centuries, arable cultivation
continued. During the post-medieval period there was a shift
towards an enclosed landscape of pasture and meadow, a pattern
maintained until the onset of mineral extraction in the 1980s.
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