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This book is about the experiences of Jewish children who were
members of armed partisan groups in Eastern Europe during World War
II and the Holocaust. It describes and analyze the role of children
as activists, agents, and decision makers in a situation of
extraordinary danger and stress. The children in this book were
hunted like prey and ran for their lives. They survived by fleeing
into the forest and swamps of Eastern Europe and joining
anti-German partisan groups. The vast majority of these children
were teenagers between ages 11 and 18, although some were younger.
They were, by any definition, child soldiers, and that is the
reason they lived to tell their tales. The book will be of interest
to general and academic audiences. There is also great interest in
children and childhood across disciplines of history and the social
sciences. It is likely to spark considerable debate and interest,
since its argument runs counter to the generally accepted wisdom
that child soldiers must first and foremost be seen as victims of
their recruiters. The argument of this book is that time, place,
and context play a key role in our understanding of children’s
involvement in war and that in some contexts children under arms
must be seen as exercising an inherent right of self-defense.
This book is about the experiences of Jewish children who were
members of armed partisan groups in Eastern Europe during World War
II and the Holocaust. It describes and analyze the role of children
as activists, agents, and decision makers in a situation of
extraordinary danger and stress. The children in this book were
hunted like prey and ran for their lives. They survived by fleeing
into the forest and swamps of Eastern Europe and joining
anti-German partisan groups. The vast majority of these children
were teenagers between ages 11 and 18, although some were younger.
They were, by any definition, child soldiers, and that is the
reason they lived to tell their tales. The book will be of interest
to general and academic audiences. There is also great interest in
children and childhood across disciplines of history and the social
sciences. It is likely to spark considerable debate and interest,
since its argument runs counter to the generally accepted wisdom
that child soldiers must first and foremost be seen as victims of
their recruiters. The argument of this book is that time, place,
and context play a key role in our understanding of children's
involvement in war and that in some contexts children under arms
must be seen as exercising an inherent right of self-defense.
When we hear the term ""child soldiers"", most Americans imagine
innocent victims roped into bloody conflicts in distant war-torn
lands like Sudan and Sierra Leone. Yet our own history is filled
with examples of children involved in warfare - from adolescent
prisoner of war Andrew Jackson to Civil War drummer boys - who were
once viewed as symbols of national pride rather than signs of human
degradation. In this daring new study, anthropologist David M.
Rosen investigates why our cultural perception of the child soldier
has changed so radically over the past two centuries. Child
Soldiers in the Western Imagination reveals how Western conceptions
of childhood as a uniquely vulnerable and innocent state are a
relatively recent invention. Furthermore, Rosen offers an
illuminating history of how human rights organizations drew upon
these sentiments to create the very term ""child soldier"", which
they presented as the embodiment of war's human cost. Filled with
shocking historical accounts and facts - and revealing the reasons
why one cannot spell ""infantry"" without ""infant"" - Child
Soldiers in the Western Imagination seeks to shake us out of our
pervasive historical amnesia. It challenges us to stop looking at
child soldiers through a biased set of idealized assumptions about
childhood, so that we can better address the realities of
adolescents and pre-adolescents in combat. Presenting informative
facts while examining fictional representations of the child
soldier in popular culture, this book is both eye-opening and
thought-provoking.
This book exposes the role of children in war, describing where,
why, and how children are deployed, the attempts made by
international organizations to protect children, and the underlying
political and cultural issues that make this such a thorny issue.
In conflict-torn countries such as Myanmar and Uganda, the use of
child soldiers in military and paramilitary operations continues to
occur despite widespread condemnation and the efforts of
organizations such as the Coalition to Stop the Use of Child
Soldiers. This book will allow readers to grasp the impact of this
issue for both individuals and nations worldwide. Child Soldiers: A
Reference Handbook traces the evolution of child soldiers from
approximately 1940 onwards, covering important historical to modern
conflicts. The subject is discussed from a global perspective, with
particular attention given to areas where the use of child soldiers
is most prevalent. The book covers the complex underlying reasons
for the continued use of child soldiers in the modern world,
examines the political and psychological consequences of using
children-both male and female-in military and paramilitary
organizations, and describes how this subject has been addressed by
international law and various human rights organizations. A
chronology of major events in the efforts to limit the use of child
soldiers Biographical sketches of famous child soldiers and key
figures in the effort to ban the use of child soldiers A directory
of organizations involved in the child soldier issue
"No thinking person, no media commentator, no political leader can
afford to be without this book--not if they care about the truth
and want to understand one of the more awful realities of our time.
It will stir you to action on behalf of the world's vulnerable
children." --Phyllis Chesler, author of The New Anti-Semitism
Children have served as soldiers throughout history. They fought in
the American Revolution, the Civil War, and in both world wars.
They served as uniformed soldiers, camouflaged insurgents, and even
suicide bombers. Indeed, the first U.S. soldier to be killed by
hostile fire in the Afghanistan war was shot in ambush by a
fourteen-year-old boy. Does this mean that child soldiers are
agressors? Or are they victims? It is a difficult question with no
obvious answer, yet in recent years the acceptable answer among
humanitarian organizations and contemporary scholars has been
resoundingly the latter. These children are most often seen as
especially hideous examples of adult criminal exploitation. In this
provocative book, David M. Rosen argues that this response vastly
oversimplifies the child soldier problem. Drawing on three dramatic
examples--from Sierra Leone, Palestine, and Eastern Europe during
the Holocaust--Rosen vividly illustrates this controversial view.
In each case, he shows that children are not always passive
victims, but often make the rational decision that not fighting is
worse than fighting. With a critical eye to international law,
Armies of the Young urges readers to reconsider the situation of
child combatants in light of circumstance and history before
adopting uninformed child protectionist views. In the process,
Rosen paints a memorable and unsettling picture of the role of
children in international conflicts. David M. Rosen is a professor
of anthropology and law at Fairleigh Dickinson University. A volume
in The Rutgers Series in Childhood Studies, edited by Myra
Bluebond-Langner, Rutgers University, Camden.
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