This book provides a comprehensive mathematical description and analysis of the delegate allocation processes in the US Democratic and Republican presidential primaries, focusing on the role of apportionment methods and the effect of thresholds-the minimum levels of support required to receive delegates. The analysis involves a variety of techniques, including theoretical arguments, simplicial geometry, Monte Carlo simulation, and examination of presidential primary data from 2004 to 2020. The book is divided into two parts: Part I defines the classical apportionment problem and explains how the implementation and goals of delegate apportionment differ from those of apportionment for state representation in the US House of Representatives and for party representation in legislatures based on proportional representation. The authors then describe how delegates are assigned to states and congressional districts and formally define the delegate apportionment methods used in each state by the two major parties to allocate delegates to presidential candidates. Part II analyzes and compares the apportionment methods introduced in Part I based on their level of bias and adherence to various notions of proportionality. It explores how often the methods satisfy the quota condition and quantifies their biases in favor or against the strongest and weakest candidates. Because the methods are quota-based, they are susceptible to classical paradoxes like the Alabama and population paradoxes. They also suffer from other paradoxes that are more relevant in the context of delegate apportionment such as the elimination and aggregation paradoxes. The book evaluates the extent to which each method is susceptible to each paradox. Finally, it discusses the appointment of delegates based on divisor methods and notions of regressive proportionality. This book appeals to scholars and students interested in mathematical economics and political science, with an emphasis on apportionment and social choice theory.

Marriages end in death, divorce or Alzheimer's. My grandfather's death impacted my grandmother, Eunice McCune. Divorce affected my life. And Alzheimer's has taken a toll on my father, Gene McCune. Alzheimer's is to the mind as Polio is to the body. Those afflicted with the disease Alzheimer's experience and continue to live in a world of memory loss. The remaining family is dealt a problem without an answer. My mother, Betty McCune, has Alzheimer's. The elevator door opens on the third floor assisted living Alzheimer's unit; I learn firsthand the thoughts of the group and how to communicate with them. "Alzheimer's, it could happen to you."

"Rufus, come over here... Would you like to go on an adventure?" I ask with an inquisitive tone in my voice. Without hesitation, Rufus is at my side ready to listen about an upcoming event. From a walk to Festival Park to flying beside me on an airline, Rufus is excited, appreciative and curious as to what will happen next...

Major Tim Andrews is stationed at a top-secret facility on the outskirts of Fort Bragg, North Carolina. Thomas Edison and his attending physician, Dr. Hubert S. Howe, co-invent the time accelerator. Almost 100 years after President Woodrow Wilson legalizes time travel, the Department of Inquiry assigns the Edison Project (specific topics of interest) to research both past and future events, which are detailed in a highly classified government report. With it, the USG (United States Government) now holds over its citizens the key to ultimate power and control: their destiny

Major Tim Andrews is stationed at a top-secret facility on the outskirts of Fort Bragg, North Carolina. Thomas Edison and his attending physician, Dr. Hubert S. Howe, co-invent the time accelerator. Almost 100 years after President Woodrow Wilson legalizes time travel, the Department of Inquiry assigns the Edison Project (specific topics of interest) to research both past and future events, which are detailed in a highly classified government report. With it, the USG (United States Government) now holds over its citizens the key to ultimate power and control: their destiny

"Rufus, come over here... Would you like to go on an adventure?" I ask with an inquisitive tone in my voice. Without hesitation, Rufus is at my side ready to listen about an upcoming event. From a walk to Festival Park to flying beside me on an airline, Rufus is excited, appreciative and curious as to what will happen next...

Marriages end in death, divorce or Alzheimer's. My grandfather's death impacted my grandmother, Eunice McCune. Divorce affected my life. And Alzheimer's has taken a toll on my father, Gene McCune. Alzheimer's is to the mind as Polio is to the body. Those afflicted with the disease Alzheimer's experience and continue to live in a world of memory loss. The remaining family is dealt a problem without an answer. My mother, Betty McCune, has Alzheimer's. The elevator door opens on the third floor assisted living Alzheimer's unit; I learn firsthand the thoughts of the group and how to communicate with them. "Alzheimer's, it could happen to you."