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This book focuses on one of the major challenges facing countries
in Eastern Europe, namely the creation and maintenance of jobs in
the agricultural sector. It argues that future employment will
critically depend upon the completion of the privatization process,
as well as improved efficiency and market opportunity.
Privatization in Rural Eastern Europe prescribes radical
restructuring of the East European countryside and examines the
future prospects for restitution and privatization from both
national and regional perspectives. The economic and political
history of rural Eastern Europe is examined in the context of the
transition process. The discussion then develops with the extensive
use of detailed country case studies which analyse the growth of
private economic activity in Albania, Bulgaria, Czech Republic,
East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia in a
clear and systematic way. The book offers careful consideration of
the future of the rural economy and emphasizes the importance of
rural diversification and the development of the service sector to
create new employment opportunities in rural areas. This book will
prove invaluable to academics with an interest in agricultural and
transitional economics as well as to businessmen interested in East
European agriculture, food processing and farm machinery.
This book demonstrates a broadly successful transformation process
that has been limited by challenging political, economic and social
constraints. David Turnock traces the complex issues that have
influenced Romania's reform and restructuring programme since the
revolution at the end of 1989. The Transition from Communism to the
European Union provides an overview of economic change in Romania,
and studies in detail the transformation in industry, energy and
agriculture, drawing on fieldwork in all parts of the country. The
monitoring of the economic press throughout the post-communist
period has also yielded much source material. Although the
political context is examined at some length, the prime
consideration is economic restructuring, involving the
establishment of a free market system after decades of government
control through central planning. It is made clear that the process
is still not complete since global competitiveness remains a major
challenge now that many people are beginning to experience a degree
of prosperity. The book will be of invaluable interest to students
and researchers in the fields of regional economics and
post-communism, as well as readers with a general interest in
Romania, the Balkans or the EU.
The Human Geography of East Central Europe examines the geography of the transition economies that were not formerly part of the Soviet Union: Albania, Bosnia & Hercegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, The Czech Republic, Hungary, Macedonia, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Yugoslavia and East Germany. There is a thematic treatment beginning with the landscape and historical background, which moves on to the social and economic geography (industry, agriculture and infrastructure) and to issues concerning regional development and environmental protection.
Related link: Human Geography of East Central Europe - extra material eBook available with sample pages: 0203431588
From a widely published expert in the field, this major survey
reviews two centuries of modernization and examines the dramatic
changes in the economies of Eastern Europe. This is a new and
comprehensive overview which incorporates fresh research and recent
changes to the region to trace this economic history of Eastern
Europe within the wider political and ideological context Uniquely
taking the broader historical picture into account, David Turnock
brings together the entire scope of the modernization process, from
the first phase of modern national development in the Balkans and
the impact of imperial systems on the area as a whole, to the
feeling of 'unfinished business' at the end of the Second World
War. He continues up to the present-day state of transition,
evaluating the contrasts in the region between the northern and
southern states, domestic division between dynamic and backward
areas, and the increasing emphasis on the opening up of frontier
regions. Wide in scope and including detailed and informative
chronologies, this book will prove an invaluable asset to students
of European history and economics.
This exhaustive survey examines the dramatic changes in the
economies of Eastern Europe, set in the political context of the
region.
The Eastern European Economy, 1800-2000 reviews two centuries of
modernization in the areas on the western border of the former
Soviet Union. Wide in scope and including detailed and informative
chronologies, David Turnock's study traces the economic history of
the region within the wider political and ideological context. This
comprehensive review brings together the entire scope of the
modernization process, from the first phase of modern national
development in the Balkans and the impact of imperial systems on
the area as a whole, to the feeling of 'unfinished business' at the
end of the Second World War, and continuing up to the present-day
state of transition, evaluating the contrasts in the region between
the northern and southern states, domestic division between dynamic
and backward areas, and the increasing emphasis on the opening up
of frontier regions.
Balanced and informative, The Eastern European Economy, 1800-2000
is essential reading for all those with an interest in Eastern
Europe or economic history.
In this new edition, the progress made in the last decade to solve the environmental problems described in the first edition is assessed. The attempts to bring environmental legislation into line with West European norms is also described. The book looks at: * air and water pollution * modern farming * water supplies * waste management * landscape protection. These topics are placed within economic, social and political profiles. eBook available with sample pages: 0203449703
With the achievement of further EU and NATO enlargement, a critical
political and economic lens is now focused on East Central Europe
and, to a lesser extent, the other former communist states.
Economic growth in each transition state - and more broadly the
region - pivots around the prospects for foreign direct investment
(FDI), with decisions on where foreign investors will locate their
projects now vitally important. This book - the first one devoted
to a geographical survey concentrating specifically on FDI in the
region - brings together a wide range of prominent authors from the
US and Europe, including the late Frank Carter, to provide a timely
and critical examination of the importance of foreign investment.
It presents a detailed analysis of location patterns and their
significance for regional development, with particular emphasis
given to the important socioeconomic and political consequences of
uneven distribution of FDI across the region and its constituent
countries. Divided into two parts, the book first deals with
general overarching themes and issues before applying these to more
specific country case studies. The second part deals with regional
studies, focusing broadly on the Western Balkans and Bulgaria,
before looking at specific economic sectors in individual
countries.
Although a great deal has been published on the economic, social
and engineering history of nineteenth-century railways, the work of
historical geographers has been much less conspicuous. This
overview by David Turnock goes a long way towards restoring the
balance. It details every important aspect of the railway's
influence on spatial distribution of economic and social change,
providing a full account of the nineteenth-century geography of the
British Isles seen in the context of the railway. The book reviews
and explains the shape of the developing railway network, beginning
with the pre-steam railways and connections between existing road
and water communications and the new rail lines. The author also
discusses the impact of the railways on the patterns of industrial,
urban and rural change throughout the century. Throughout, the
historical geography of Ireland is treated in equal detail to that
of Great Britain.
Since 1989 the former communist countries of Eastern Europe have
witnessed a profound and dramatic upheaval. The economic coherence
of this region, formerly maintained through the adoption of the
Soviet system of government, has fractured. In The East European
Economy in Context: Communism and Transition, David Turnock
examines the transition from communist to free-market economies,
both within and between the states of Eastern Europe. As well as
containing an informative survey of the impact of communism, The
East European Economy in Context provides
* Political profiles of individual countries
* A clear study of the contrasts between northern and balkan
groups
* Summaries of regional variations in the transition process
* An exploration of the new state structures and resources
* Discussion of political stability, inter-ethnic tensions and
progress in economic change
After fifteen years of transition in the former communist states of
Central and Eastern Europe it has become clear that for a
substantial number the objective of reform and restructuring
process is a market system in line with membership of the EU. In
this study the long term economic transformation of Romania is
studied, offering a detailed narrative and thematic account of
events from the nineteenth to the twenty-first centuries. From the
first steps towards large scale industrialisation begun prior to
the First World War, through the accelerated pace set by the
communist regime after 1945 and the uncertainty following its
subsequent collapse in 1989, the book addresses a wide range of
pertinent issues that have shaped Romania's economic development.
The study also offers an interpretation of a distinctive phase in
the modernisation of post-communist Romania, supported by
economic-historical surveys of the proceeding century as a context
for recent restructuring on the eve of EU accession. This is linked
with trends in the region as a whole so that a broad perspective is
maintained throughout the book. By highlighting Romania's position
as one of more backward accession states and considering in what
ways its experience during transition differs from the more
developed states of the region, this study offers a valuable
insight into both the history of Romania, and its future prospects.
Furthermore it provides a valuable case study that can be compared
and contrasted with other countries who are likewise still
grappling with the legacy of a centralised economy, and in the
process of adopting a more market orientated approach in order to
gain EU membership. As such this study will be of interest not only
to historians and economists, but anyone with an interest in the
expansion of the European Union.
After fifteen years of transition in the former communist states of
Central and Eastern Europe it has become clear that for a
substantial number the objective of reform and restructuring
process is a market system in line with membership of the EU. In
this study the long term economic transformation of Romania is
studied, offering a detailed narrative and thematic account of
events from the nineteenth to the twenty-first centuries. From the
first steps towards large scale industrialisation begun prior to
the First World War, through the accelerated pace set by the
communist regime after 1945 and the uncertainty following its
subsequent collapse in 1989, the book addresses a wide range of
pertinent issues that have shaped Romania's economic development.
The study also offers an interpretation of a distinctive phase in
the modernisation of post-communist Romania, supported by
economic-historical surveys of the proceeding century as a context
for recent restructuring on the eve of EU accession. This is linked
with trends in the region as a whole so that a broad perspective is
maintained throughout the book. By highlighting Romania's position
as one of more backward accession states and considering in what
ways its experience during transition differs from the more
developed states of the region, this study offers a valuable
insight into both the history of Romania, and its future prospects.
Furthermore it provides a valuable case study that can be compared
and contrasted with other countries who are likewise still
grappling with the legacy of a centralised economy, and in the
process of adopting a more market orientated approach in order to
gain EU membership. As such this study will be of interest not only
to historians and economists, but anyone with an interest in the
expansion of the European Union.
This book looks at the evolution of rural settlement in Scotland
from the Mesolithic period through to the improving movement of the
18th and 19th centuries. The main emphasis is on changes in society
and technology, but the book also considers how the development of
the physical landscape laid the foundation for such changes. The
author strikes a balance between general perspectives (including
relevant contextual materials such as the political structures) and
local studies, with much emphasis on individual sites. Lack of
documentation prior to the 10th century places particular
importance on the archaeological evidence, but imaginative
interpretation of this evidence has led to a major re-evaluation.
Ideas emphasizing continuity of settlement and local adaptation are
replacing older 'invasionist' theories emphasizing Celtic war lords
and broch-building pirates.
The historical geography of settlement in the P tarlagele
Depression of Romania is examined with reference to the documentary
and oral evidence. Although the area is assumed to have a long
history dating back to Prehistory - and is widely seen as part of a
Subcarpathian region used a refuge during the Dark Age Migration
Period - documentary evidence is not available before the sixteenth
century. Furthermore the most remarkable developments occurred in
the nineteenth century when the unstable hillsides - with extensive
landslide surfaces - attracted a growing peasant population seeking
a base for subsistence in the age of capitalism when the historic
cereal lands were producing for the market. Although this major
reorganisation is quite poorly documented, the local toponomy is
remarkably rich and the oral evidence is used to help portray a
cultural landscape of intensive agricultural activity around the
central place of P tarlagele that was now supporting a diverse
range of functions served by road/rail communications. The study
concludes with a summary covering the twentieth century including
the interwar years, the communist period and the present
transition.
This is the first book to take a comprehensive view of the historical geography of Scotland since the Union. The period is divided into sections separated by the Napoleonic Wars and the First World War, and each section offers a general view followed by detailed studies giving a balanced coverage of regional and urban-rural criteria, and the economic infrastructure. The book contains a number of original researches and Dr Turnock attempts to set the Scottish experience in a framework of general ideas on modernisation.
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