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This volume presents thirteen original essays which explore both traditional and contemporary aspects of the metaphysics of relations. It is uncontroversial that there are true relational predications-'Abelard loves Eloise', 'Simmias is taller than Socrates', 'smoking causes cancer', and so forth. More controversial is whether any true relational predications have irreducibly relational truthmakers. Do any of the statements above involve their subjects jointly instantiating polyadic properties, or can we explain their truths solely in terms of monadic, non-relational properties of the relata? According to a tradition dating back to Plato and Aristotle, and continued by medieval philosophers, polyadic properties are metaphysically dubious. In non-symmetric relations such as the amatory relation, a property would have to inhere in two things at once-lover and beloved-but characterise each differently, and this puzzled the ancients. More recent work on non-symmetric relations highlights difficulties with their directionality. Such problems offer clear motivation for attempting to reduce relations to monadic properties. By contrast, ontic structural realists hold that the nature of physical reality is exhausted by the relational structure expressed in the equations of fundamental physics. On this view, there must be some irreducible relations, for its fundamental ontology is purely relational. The Metaphysics of Relations draws together the work of a team of leading metaphysicians, to address topics as diverse as ancient and medieval reasons for scepticism about polyadic properties; recent attempts to reduce causal and spatiotemporal relations; recent work on the directionality of relational properties; powers ontologies and their associated problems; whether the most promising interpretations of quantum mechanics posit a fundamentally relational world; and whether the very idea of such a world is coherent. From those who question whether there are relational properties at all, to those who hold they are a fundamental part of reality, this book covers a broad spectrum of positions on the nature and ontological status of relations, from antiquity to the present day.
Complete first series of the BBC's controversial television drama about corporate and government conspiracy, starring Bill Nighy and John Simm. When a teenage drug-dealer is shot dead and a high-profile MP's lover is killed falling under a Tube train, investigative journalist Cal McCaffrey (Simm) is asked by his editor to find out if there was any connection between the two deaths. Cal's discovery of a missing briefcase that may contain information sensitive to the government puts his life in danger, and with a hitman on his tail he needs police protection. At the same time, Cal's growing involvement with the MP's wife begins to compromise his objectivity, and when he discovers a link between the dead girl, the government and the sinister U-Ex Oil company, his position at the newspaper is abruptly terminated. Trying to stay one step ahead of the people after him, Cal is able to expose the person responsible for ordering the killings, unleashing a controversy that could bring down the government.
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